我喜歡人在旅途的感覺,好像只有經歷過風塵歷練的生命才是豐富的。與陌生人在地球的某個角落不期而遇,我總被他們身上的某些東西打動,在陌生人身上,我常常可以找到友情,發現勇氣,獲得慰藉,看見希望。
我對每一個在路上遇到的人,都心懷感激。我感謝旅途上每一個有緣相逢的人,也記錄下短暫相逢中那些讓我歡笑,讓我悲傷,讓我成長,讓我思索的故事。
小德是個美國人,他的名字叫David Youkey。“小德”是我給他起的中文名,他對這個名字很滿意。他是學哲學的,不過很多中國人聽到“哲學”這兩個字都會張開嘴巴,仿佛哲學是什么神秘莫測的東西,可是小德讓我覺得哲學沒什么大不了。就好像當他第一次跟我提出“我們來寫本書吧!”之時我垂著頭,說不清自己有沒有妙筆生花的能力,小德卻鼓勵我說“海明威用最簡單的文字寫書。”
于是我們寫就了這本《同游牧哲學家去旅行》,它是我們共同旅行的一本對話錄,我在這里摘出我寫的部分片斷。
闖入富人的度假地
放暑假了,小德要開車去東海岸的鱈島給一個老教授修房子,約我同行。見我猶豫,小德百般說公路之旅(Road Trip)如何獨具美國特色,對體驗美國文化是何等必不可缺。終于,我鉆進了小德的汽車。
5天多的風餐露宿,我們終于到達了美國新英格蘭區的鱈島,這里是富人旅游度假的寶地。
我和小德開著車,穿過高高的吊橋,跨越海峽,闖入了富人領地。可我們沒有比基尼、太陽鏡、防曬霜,汽車里塞滿了亂七八糟的工具。小德是來做木匠的,我不過是個小工。
那是一幢油漆斑駁的兩層小木屋,許久沒人去過,到處是灰塵和蜘蛛網,地上積了很多水,木樓梯快爛掉了。在今后的一個月里,這就是我們的家了。第二天開工,小德對付那些顫巍巍的木板,我的工作是粉刷天花板和窗框。工作固然辛苦,生活卻充滿情趣。
有一天一位住在隔壁的老婆婆請我去做客,閑聊中我聽到了一個曲折浪漫的愛情故事:時光倒回半個多世紀前法國的大學校園,一個扎金色發辮的女學生抱著她最愛的詩集在陽光中穿行。她不喜歡化學,可化學系那個俊朗的男孩卻吸引了她,他們相愛了。男孩想去哈佛讀最好的大學,于是他們來到了美國。此時二戰爆發,他們與家里斷了聯系。幾年后,一封來自美國的電報送到法國女孩的家中,上面寫著:“我們有了一個女兒。”坐在我面前的老婆婆就是故事中的女孩。
透過爬滿皺紋的臉,我發現老婆婆年輕時一定非常漂亮,再看看一直站在旁邊微笑著聽故事的老爺爺,真有一種無法言說的感動。我好像突然明白,每個活在這個世界上的人,其實都是有故事的。
離開小島前,我和小德最后一次去了海灘,我知道我注定是要懷念這里的,懷念這里的壁爐、沙灘、星光、煙火,懷念滿身油漆的味道,懷念每天睡到日頭高照的慵懶,懷念每天醒來時的電鉆聲,還有小德煮好的咖啡……
美國年輕人像“蒲公英”
為了拜訪布萊恩,我和小德踏上了西部之旅。
布萊恩是小德以前的學生,受梭羅《瓦爾登湖》的影響,他丟掉所有的家當,住進了自己的汽車,并在汽車里完成了自己的學位。畢業后,布萊恩搬到了懷俄明,獨自住在小鎮凱利(Kelly)的一座木房子里。
亨利·戴維·梭羅(Henry David Thoreau,1817—1862)是美國思想史上一個非常有創建的人物。他在1845年離開喧囂的都市,來到馬薩諸塞州的森林里,在瓦爾登湖畔蓋了一所9平方米的小木屋,開荒、種地、打獵、伐木,過著原始卻安寧的生活。后來梭羅回到城市,發表了那本著名的《瓦爾登湖》(Walden),他呼吁人們:生活應該Simplify simplify(簡單化,簡單化)。
小鎮凱利的一端是為旅游者建造的漂亮的旅店,而我們是在另一端所謂“實驗房屋”的“貧民區”找到了布萊恩的小木屋。
20年前,凱利還是個荒涼的小鎮,后來有個嬉皮士在這里建了露營地,人們從四面八方來到這兒住了下來,又引得愈來愈多的人涌向這里,還搭建了諸如蒙古包、帳篷等各式各樣古怪的建筑。
布萊恩個子小小的,臉上總帶著隨和的微笑。他告訴我,這間小木屋原本是一頂大帳篷。時間久了,帳篷破爛不堪,他就用廢木頭在外面包上了一層。布萊恩引以為傲的破帳篷比梭羅在瓦爾登湖畔的小木屋還要小,沒有自來水也沒有電。懷俄明的冬天特別冷,暴風雪來臨時,小木屋就被大雪埋得嚴嚴實實,布萊恩只是靠一只簡陋的小爐子驅走嚴寒。
布萊恩大學打工的那家餐館都是墨西哥貧困的非法移民,他定期給他們帶去一車車募捐的食物和衣服。當村民們穿上印有“科羅拉多大學”字樣的T恤時,也都對這個善良的美國小伙子心懷感激。
第二天早晨,布萊恩和我們揮手告別。汽車開出很遠,他依舊默默地佇立著,佇立在這樣一個只有200幢房子的小鎮邊緣,守望著綿延100多英里的曠野和無語的落基山脈。
美國年輕人有一種我們不能理解也無法接受的東西。他們就像蒲公英,飄到哪就在哪個角落生長。蒲公英也有夢,追夢艱難卻透著自在。美國許多年輕人看上去缺少關愛,卻也沒有被過分關愛的負累。蒲公英為自己而活,活得更加快活。
神奇詭異的尼泊爾
小德受聘到尼泊爾教書,他說尼泊爾是全世界最美的地方,問我愿不愿意去看看。我決定去,這在一生中都是難得的體驗。
上世紀五六十年代,隨著“垮掉的一代”和“嬉皮士”的出現,美國年輕人開始拋棄父輩傳統的生活方式,他們夢想在遠行中找到自己的位置和人生的坐標,尼泊爾就成為他們心中神奇而充滿魔幻色彩的圣地。
那時候,年輕人往往先去歐洲買輛破汽車,開上1.5萬公里或更遠的路,穿過土耳其、伊拉克、伊朗、阿富汗、印度,最終抵達尼泊爾。這就是當年嬉皮士走過的路,而這條路的終點,就是加德滿都一個叫塔密爾(Thamel)的地方。
今天的塔密爾仍然是全世界“背包客”的大本營,這里聚集著一群四海為家的人,無論國籍、種族甚至語言,都叫“塔密爾人”。不管來自東方還是西方,只要說一句“那瑪斯帶”(你好),便會贏來善意的微笑。
加德滿都杜爾巴廣場(Durbar Square)林立著50多座廟宇宮殿,南面是女活佛庫瑪莉的神廟。庫瑪莉是處女神,活佛必須從尼瓦爾族(Newas)中姓釋伽的女孩中挑選。尼泊爾剛剛迎來新的庫瑪莉,雖然只有6歲,卻經歷了一次從人到神的過程。小活佛一旦初潮來臨就會被新的庫瑪莉接替。上任庫瑪莉是1993年她4歲半的時候入宮的,現在已經回家讀小學。她又經歷了一次從神到人的轉變。
在加德滿都街頭,小德一把拽住我:“躲開這兩個人。”
前方迎面走來兩個男人,他們手持花籃,穿著艷麗的黃袍,裹著同樣顏色的頭巾,身上掛著黃花串起的花環,極力謙遜友善地沖我微笑。尼泊爾有很多出家修行的苦行僧,被視為神圣的人。但這兩個是冒牌的,小德說,他們只在你頭上點一顆紅痣就要200盧比。
后來在一個廟宇前,我忽然發現身后坐著一位披著黃袍卻幾乎赤裸的長者,在那分外鮮艷的面孔上鋪排著醒目顏色,還留著一拖到地的胡子。
毫無防備的我張著大嘴半天說不出話來,呆呆地愣在了那兒。而那個長者也目不轉睛地注視著我。我不知道他是誰,只覺得他周身發散著神秘的力量。他一定看出了我的驚訝和慌張,坦然地笑著,還頗有幾分優雅地對我揮揮手。
回去后,我把那情形描述給小德。他說:“這回你是見到真正的苦行僧了。”
還有一次在出租車上,我見到不遠處有4個小伙子扛著一副擔架,擔架上躺著一個人,用白布和黃布包裹,還撒了很多黃色的小花。小德說,那是在出殯,他們要到帕斯帕提那(Pashupatinath)去。帕斯帕提那是尼泊爾印度教徒的圣地,他們死后就在那里當眾火化,再把骨灰撒進巴格馬提(Bagmati)河。巴格馬提河在印度匯入恒河,是尼泊爾人的圣河,人們用巴格馬提河水洗去今生的罪惡,在來世成為更好的人。
終于看到珠穆朗瑪峰
尼泊爾是山的國家,這樣一個狹長的小國,囊括了世界十大最高峰中的8座。每個到尼泊爾來旅游的人,是一定要去看山的。
如果說尼泊爾是戶外愛好者的天堂,盧卡拉就是天堂的入口。從這里步行一兩天,就是薩崗馬撒(Sagarmatha)國家公園,薩崗馬撒翻譯過來就是珠穆朗瑪。
第一天我們從早上一刻不停地走了7個小時到達Monjo,這里是薩崗馬撒國家公園的入口,再翻過一座大山,就是海拔3440米的南奇鎮(Namche)。
說實在的,翻山越嶺并不浪漫,山路似乎永無止境。第二天我們用了3個多小時才走到南奇鎮(Namche),坐在村口吃了一個炸面包,把奶茶一飲而盡,我們又上路了。在一個峰回路轉的地方,小德突然指著前方覆蓋著白雪的頂峰說:“那就是珠穆朗瑪峰!”我驚訝得跳了起來,哇,我真的看見了珠穆朗瑪!
晚上睡不著,心跳加速,頭疼得厲害,想起高山反應的警告,我有點害怕。
可是第二天早上不到8點,喝了一杯熱奶茶,塞了幾片蜜桃餅干,又背起背包和小德上路了。我奮力地從3250米的Phunki Tenga攀上了海拔3860米的天波齊(Tangboche),幻想自己是一頭任勞任怨的牦牛。
從天波齊到龐波齊(Pangboche)的路并不長,可就在快到的時候,山風吹得我的頭痛欲裂,山路仿佛依舊無望地延伸,突如其來的絕望讓我哭了起來。我想讓生命多一些體驗,卻擺脫不開貪圖安逸的念頭。
后來,當我們終于坐上飛機回到加德滿都沖向塔密爾,那感覺真好像重返人間。短短幾天,山教給我很多東西,除了堅韌和勇敢,還教我用另一種眼光去審視和欣賞這個世界。我真有點迫不及待地想問問小德:“咱們下次什么時候出發?”
鏈接:于苗,北京人。中國農業大學國際學院畢業,經濟學學士。2001年赴美國科羅拉多大學留學,攻讀傳媒與交流(Communication)專業,獲文學學士學位。
幾年來,在各大報刊發表文章50余篇,作品曾兩次被收錄進《中國大學生年度最佳散文選》。今年1月,中國青年出版社出版了她的《同“游牧哲學家”去旅行》一書。帶著不一樣的眼光旅行,才會發現生活中的不同價值的多姿多彩。
小德(David Youkey)美國人,畢業于科羅多拉大學,哲學博士,曾在美國、中國、蒙古、尼泊爾4個國家7所大學教過書。像古希臘及古老的東方哲學家一樣,喜歡旅行,夢想做一個云游四方的哲學家。
Vistas
Traveling with a Nomadic Philosopher
Story and photographs by Yu Miao
I like what I feel on a trip. Rich is a life full of journeys through the world. On a trip, I meet strangers and find myself touched by something in them. I find friendship, courage, solace, and hope in the people I have never met before.
When David Youkey asked me to co-write a book about our travel, I hesitated, doubting that my pen was good enough. But David encouraged me by saying,“emmingway wrote books with simple words.”So we wrote a book together. The following is part of my contribution to the book.
The summer vacation was approaching. David would drive to the east coast to repair a house for a professor. He asked me to come along. A road trip is a way of life for Americans and the best way to learn about the American culture. I was persuaded to join him. After five days?drive, we reached an island in New England. I learned that it was a resort for rich people. But we were there not for a holiday. Our car was filled up with tools. David would work as a carpenter and I a help.
The two-story house was full of dust and cobwebs. Paint peeled off. The floor had pools of water. The wood stairway was about to collapse. David dealt with the heavy wood boards and my job was applying paint to ceilings and window frames.
We were there for a month. It was hard work and it was fun. One day a couple from next door asked me over. I heard a romantic story. More than half a century ago, a girl on the campus of a French university walked in the sunshine holding a book of poetry. She fell in love with a young man majoring in chemistry. The would-be chemist wanted to go to Harvard. So they traveled to the United States. Then World War II broke out and they lost contact with their families. Years later, a telegraph reached the girl’s family in France. “ee had a baby girl,”it announced the happy news laconically. The French girl who loved poetry in the story was the granny sitting in front of me. She still looked beautiful. The grandpa smiled. I suddenly realized that everyone in this world has some story to tell.
Before we left the island, David and I visited the beach for the last time. I knew I would miss the place, its beach, starlight, fireworks, the odor of the paint, and the hearth. I would miss the mornings when I slept in the noise of the electric drill and the aroma of the coffee David made.
David and I went westward to visit Brian. Brian was a student David once taught. Influenced by Walden Pond, Brian moved his belongings into a van and finished his college studies there. He moved alone to Kelly, a small town in Wyoming. The small town is divided into two parts. One is hotels for tourists, and the other is full of xperimental houses?among which Brian’s small house was located. His house used to be a large tent. Then he wrapped the tent up with second-hand wood boards. He proudly compared his small house with Thoreau’s hut on the Walden Pond. It didn誸 have tap water or electricity. When the small house was buried under the heavy snow, Brian used a simple burner to warm himself. He waved us off the next morning. I looked back at him when we were driving away. He stood alone, very small against the small town of about 200 houses, the wilderness of a hundred miles and the silent Rocky Mountains.
David would teach in Nepal. I went there with him. In the 1950s and 1960s, Nepal began to attract the young hippies from all over the world. They bought a second-hand car in Europe and then drove all the way through Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, and India to Nepal. The end of the long journey is Thamel, Katmandu. Today, it is still a place full of backpackers from all over the world.
Around Durbar Square in Katmandu stand more than 50 temples. Once by accident I saw an old man outside a temple. He sat there almost naked, but wrapped with an orange gown. His beard was so long that it touched the ground. Speechless, I stared at him for a long time. He looked at me. I didn誸 know who he was, but felt that he emitted a kind of mysterious energy. Noticing my surprise and nervousness, he smiled and waved to me gracefully. David later explained that the man was a monk who performed ascetic practices. One day in a taxi, I saw four young men in the street. They carried a stretcher. A man in it was wrapped up in white and yellow cloth, strewn with tiny yellow flowers. I later learned that it was a funeral procession to Pashupatinath for cremation before the ash was scattered into a river called Bagmati.
Nepal is a country of mountains. Eight of the tallest mountains in the world cluster there. Mountains are a must for tourists. Seeing mountains means trekking. On the first day, we trekked for 7 hours before we reached Monjo, the gateway to Sagarmatha State Park. Namche, a town at 3,440 meter above sea level, is beyond another mountain. The next day we walked about 3 hours before we saw Mount Everest towering in the heaven. It was an endless journey in the mountains. I almost lost my courage.
When we flew back to Katmandu and rushed to Thamel, I felt as if I was finally back to this world. The journey of experiencing mountains during just a few days taught me how to view and examine this world in a new way. Already I was almost impatient to ask David,“hen will our next journey begin?”
(Translated by David)