關鍵詞:蚯蚓堆肥;有機廢棄物;減量增值;溫室氣體;減控措施 中圖分類號:X71;S141.4 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:2095-6819(2025)05-1148-11 doi:10.13254/j.jare.2024.0416
Research progressin vermicomposting and its greenhouse gas emissions
LI Zhonghan1,YANGFengxial*,YANG Ming1,2,YANRenkai3,MU Meirui',HAN Bingjun1,XINRui1,ZHANG Keqiangl* (1.Agro-Evioalrotecsiute,stfurduralis,ia9ina;lo Environment,rthastgriculualUiversityrbinO6,in;3.angriculuraldEologicalEvirontalrotti Station,Shiyan 442000, China)
Abstract:Vericompostingasanmpantayfortheguesouceutiltioofoanicasteinralagilturelycan convertorganicwastesubstratesintoutrient-icharthwomproteinandstableericompostorganicfertliers,butalsosunique technologicaladvanageinduingcarbonemissonsandcontrollingplution.Thisalignswiththenationalstrategyforgeenand sustainabledevelopment.However,teemissionofgrenhousegasesseriouslyrestrictsitshealthydevelopment.Thispperpresentsan overviewoftheidustrialdevelopmentatusoftetecolgywithaparticularfocusonteimpactofemicompostingogreosegas emision,anditalsoelorsthtsofretisiodctioeasuresoouegasotrol.umerssusaesow that vermicomposting can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 16.5 % -68.4 % ,and that the reduction effect can be increased by up to 80% throughtheaditioofocharstraoroculationoficrobialagentsintecompostingprocess,buttheintroductioofeogous substances mayhaveanimpactontheutilizationof tevermicompost.Futureresearchshouldfocusonthe mechanismofgreehousegas emisioneductionduringericomposting,tedvelopmentoffciencyadditivesandtheisessmentoftesubsequenilatio oftheproducts,withaviewtoprovdingreferencesfortheighvalueesourceutilizationofmanureiChinaandpromotigthearly realization of the“dual-carbon”strategic goal in agriculture.
Keywords:vermicomposting; organic waste; waste reductionand appreciation; greenhouse gas; mitigationand controlmeasure
隨著經濟和人口的快速增長,廢棄物造成的環境污染問題日趨嚴重。據估算,2025年全球每日將產生約26億t固體廢棄物,其中有 46% 的固體廢棄物為有機廢棄物。雖然發達國家由于生活水平較高產生更多的固體廢棄物,但其回收手段較多且擁有處理廢棄物的新技術,最終可減少廢棄物的產生。相反,低收入的發展中國家一般不具備技術技能和財政能力,使得發展中國家管理有機廢棄物的能力有限,處理有機廢棄物成為了一個亟需解決的重大挑戰[3]。
蚯蚓堆肥是一種生態友好的堆肥技術,能夠將有機廢棄物迅速分解,并轉化為可利用的營養物質4]。與傳統好氧堆肥相比,蚯蚓堆肥對底物有著更高的轉化效率,能顯著加快有機物的發酵和分解進程[5。此外,借助蚯蚓處理能夠達成有機廢棄物的高附加值利用,有利于減少環境污染,帶來顯著的環境和社會經濟效益。然而,蚯蚓堆肥技術依舊面臨 CO2,CH4 和N2O 等溫室氣體的排放難題8。在堆肥過程中,蚯蚓能通過持續翻動基質改善堆體內的空氣循環,營造出好氧環境,從而降低溫室氣體的排放量,但蚯蚓的呼吸作用及其腸道的厭氧環境會促進溫室氣體排放8。盡管與傳統堆肥相比,蚯蚓堆肥可以減少一部分溫室氣體排放,但其剩余排放量仍然需要引起重視。
在農業可持續發展的大背景下,蚯蚓堆肥作為一種實現畜禽糞便高值資源化利用的有效途徑,具有十分廣闊的應用前景。……