




中圖分類號:X144;S154.3 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:2095-6819(2025)05-1277-12 doi: 10.13254/j.jare.2024.0489
Meta analysis of the impact of antibiotics on soil nitrogen cycling
YANGKeming',YUBinbin1*,CHENZhongzhi2,DAIYuanyuan
(1.Collgfotaldita;h T9C1T4, Canada;3.Tianjin FisheriesResearch Institute,Tianjin 30O221,China)
Abstract:Antibioticsareusedheavilyinlivestockandpoultryarming,butupto90%ofantibioticsarenotfullabsorbedbynimalsand areexcretedinteuriandentertesoilwithertilizationAntibiotiscanafcttestrucureadfunctioaldiversityofslicobal communities,tufectingthemicrobialmdiateditrogncyleprocesschangingiousrogenfosandureaseactivityintesoil environment,andtusfectingthesoilitrogenccle.Inodertoquantitativelynalyeteimpactofantibiotisinsoilonsilgn cyeling,thisarticlecoltedatotalof62relevantliteraturesfroCinaNationalKnowledgeIfrastructueCK)andWebofSience fromJanuary2OO2toMarch2O24,andrelevantdatawereextractedformeta-analysisusingRlanguage.Bycombiningtheresultsof diferenttimeandspacestudiesandevenwithcontradictoryconclusions,moregeneralandgeneralresearchconclusionsweredrawnto revealthemechanismofthefectsofantibioticsonsoilntrogencycle.TheesultsshowedthatttracylinesTCs),ulfonamides(As) andquinolones(QNs)antibioticsouldihibittheactivityofsoiluease,moA-OAandamoA-AOB,increasethevolatlizatioofsoil NH3,anddeeasdodatioate,sloilgeinCsrasdoentsofO-d insoil,hileSsandQsineasedtheotetsofN-anddreasdthecontentsofNO-andNO-insoilasedontheboe research,thtetypsofntibiotsoverallinbitvaousindicatorsofammonication,irificationanddenitrifcatio;uts promote NH4-N,NH3, nirK, nirS,and nosZ; QNs promote NH4-N and N2O ,which is related to the types of antibioticsand the associated microorganisms affected by antibiotic types.
Keywords:antibiotic;soil;nitrogen cycling;functional gene
抗生素對人類和動物的健康非常有益,廣泛用于疾病預防、治療和促進生長等方面,近年來全球使用量與日俱增。越來越多的抗生素用于集中飼養的設施家禽和牲畜,為預防疾病和促進生長,往往投入過多的抗生素,每年醫用和獸用的抗生素約為200000t2]。然而,高達 90% 的獸用抗生素不能被動物完全吸收,并以其原形或代謝產物通過糞便和尿液排出體外[3]。土壤中的抗生素一部分由土壤土著細菌和真菌天然產生,也可從多種人為來源進入土壤,如動物糞便和生物廢棄物的施用、未使用抗生素的不合理處置和廢水處理流出物等。抗生素進入土壤后,部分被降解,剩余的留在土壤中,在土壤中經常檢測到的抗生素為四環素類、喹諾酮類、磺胺類和大環內酯類[5]。陳進等調查我國寧夏地區養殖場附近的林地、牧草地、山藥地及玉米地的土壤抗生素含量,發現抗生素平均含量為 0.18~1.48μg?kg-1 。王義佳等分析了2022年前我國菜地抗生素含量,對四環素類、磺胺類和喹諾酮類的總量進行比較發現,我國菜地抗生素呈現北高南低、東高西低的特征,其含量在 14.00~ 2101.40μg?kg-1 之間。進入土壤的抗生素經歷降解或轉化,并且由于土壤環境不同不同種類的抗生素降解速率不同。抗生素的半衰期在4~180d不等8,殘留土壤的抗生素雖然不能引起生物急性毒性和死亡,但會導致慢性毒性,一定程度上會影響生物的生長、發育和繁殖,也會導致細菌耐藥性的產生,并通過抗生素抗性基因加速在環境中的傳播,對人類健康和生態系統的穩定性構成巨大威脅[9]?!?br>