關鍵詞:耕地非糧化;土地利用轉移矩陣;全局空間自相關;GM-ARIMA-BP組合模型;驅動因 中圖分類號:F323.211 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:2095-6819(2025)05-1206-11 doi:10.13254/j.jare.2024.0552
Driving mechanism and change trend prediction of non-grain conversionof cultivated land in metropolitan areas:taking Beijing as an example
ZHUHuimin,XUQiang,ZHENGYanna,CUI Jie,HU Yajin,MENGQingxiang* (Collge of the Resources and Environmental Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 45o046, China)
Abstract:ToexploetecrentstatusandspatialdiferetiationcharacteristisofnongainconversnofultivatdlandNGC)in metropolitanareasanddentifyitsdrivingfactors,thissudytookBejingasthresearhbect.Weemplodlandusetranertrix analyzelandusecangsieifroOOto2Aditioalyobalsatialutocoelationasuldtexamiethatialad temporalevolutionofteGCOCL,ndtheStatamodelwasaplidtovestigatethedrivingfactos.Furtherore,implemenedG ARIMA-Pcombinedmodeltopredictthetrendsinnon-graincultivationfrom2023to2035.Ourfindingsindicatedthattheareaof arablelanieigiallyasdforesbeqntleasig,ithotablersfoatioiablendutlily shifting towards construction land.Over time,the proportion of non-grain production offarmland rose from 29.57% in 2010 to 52.13% in 2020,exhibitedafluctatingupwardtrendSpatiall“centesuoud”difusionpaternasbsered,charactezedbyositive corelation.Kuenngfctosuddtesiftsidetpoplatiostaetocitteteftbe theprimarysector,andproductionperunitarea,allofwhichdemonstrateddiminishingefects.Predictionsfromthecombinedmodel suggestedthatteGLineijing,swellascossalldistrictsdoutiswouldoniuetoexbifuctuatigupwadtred ThisstudyconcudesthatteOCLineiingisifluecedbobinatioofaral,ooicndialonditiose enhancedregulationshouldbeaccompaniedbyclasifiedmanagementandcontrolmeasures,whicharecrucialforsafeguardingfood securityinthemetropolitanarea.
Keyords:nongrainconversionofcultivatedland;landusetransfermatrix;obalspatialautocorelation;GM-AIA-Bcobind model; driving factor
隨著全球局部形勢的變化,國際糧食市場供應的不確定性疊加全球糧食生產的供需矛盾加劇[,保障糧食安全的重要性和緊迫性日益顯著2。我國作為保障全球糧食安全的大國,用不足全球 9% 的耕地解決了約占全球1/5人口的吃飯問題,為國際糧食安全做出重大貢獻。然而,隨著城鎮化、工業化和農業農村現代化的不斷深入發展,耕地利用轉型頻繁,大量農村勞動力向城市轉移,導致邊際化耕地的拋荒和耕地邊際化問題愈發嚴重[3-4],目前我國的耕地非糧化率達到了 27%[5-6] 。耕地非糧化不僅威脅到國家糧食安全,還會引發農村社會失衡、土壤質量下降-、農業面源污染以及生態系統惡化等的風險。目前,學者們對耕地非糧化現象高度關注,多數研究使用統計模型和地理空間分析方法等來探究糧食主要生產區域的耕地非糧化的空間分布[11-12]、驅動機制[13-15],以及治理對策等[6-19]。上述研究為探究我國糧食安全問題打下了基礎,為本研究提供了豐富的思路。
作為保障國家糧食安全重要組成部分,大都市區糧食生產能力不可小覿。遺憾的是,少有研究從大都市層面對其農業自然、經濟條件以及區位生產條件進行綜合考慮。大量研究圍繞糧食傳統生產區非糧化狀況展開研究[20-21]。據北京市糧食和物資儲備局公布的社會糧食供需平衡調查結果顯示,2021年北京市糧食供給554.3萬t,其中,自產37.8萬t,糧食自給率僅為 6.8% ,有超2000萬人糧食消耗依賴輸入?!?br>