

中圖分類號:X144;S154.3 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:2095-6819(2025)05-1159-13 doi:10.13254/j.jare.2024.0617
Effcts of micro mulch film on soil microbial community structure and carbon fixation/decompositior functionunderhigh temperatureanddifferent lightconditions
YUShutong',ZHANGYnjang,ZHANGJuanqin2,BANaling2,LIhuangxi,ZHANGHanlin2,ZHENGXianqing2,ZHANGYue2, LU Weiguang2*,ZHANG Haiyun2*
(1.ColegeofOceanographyandEcologicalScience,ShanghaiOceanUniversity,Shanghai2O1306,China;2.InstituteofEcoEnvironmentalrotectioagicadofgicultualSienes;anghaiAgvirontalndulivatedLandoeaif Scientific ObservationandExperientStation,MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAairs;KeyLaboratoryofLowcarbonGreenAgriculure inSoutheastern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 2O14O3, China)
Abstract:Torevealtheefectsofmicromulchfilmfragments(MMFs)onsoilmicrobialcommunitystructureandcarbonfixatin/ decompositionfunctionunderhightemperatureanddiferentlightconditions,thisstudyinvestigatedthefectsoffourtypsofMMFs (conventionalblackfiB,conventionalwhitefimW,degrdableblackflmDB,degradable whitefilmDW)onsoilmicrobialouitystructureandcarbonfixation/decompositionfunctionunderstrongandweak lightcondionsviametagenomicsequencing technologyThe resultsshowedthatdegradableMMFshadstrongerimpactsonstructureofbacterialcommunitycomparedwithconventionalones.For instance,the relative abundance of genus Sphingomonas decreased by 30.4% ,6.9 % 40.8% ,and 51.4% in B,W,DB,and DW treatments respectivelycomparedwithcontrolunderstronglight.TheimpactofMFsonfungalcommunitystructurewasmoresignificantthanthaton bacteria.Forexample,teabundanceofthegenusChytridiuminBtreatmentunderwaklightincreasedby47.8tims,toseinBDB,and DWtreatmentsuderongligtreadby.,2.1nd4.2isspeielyresaicanoelationetwel, nitratenitrogen,andavailablepotassiumandmicrobialcommunitystructure.LightandMMFsconvertedthepositiveandnegative corelationbetweensoilphysicochemicalpropertiesandommunitystructure.B,WandDBsignificantlypromotedsoilcarbonfixation function under weak light(5.1%-13.1%) ,while B,DB and DW enhanced carbon decomposition function under strong light(17.7%- (204號 20.6% ).MMFsandlightsimultaneouslyaffectsoil microbialcommunitystructure.Theefectof degradable MMFsunder stronglightis generallymoresignificant.Meanhile,MFshavecertainpromotigfectsoncarbonfiationdecompositionfunctiounderspeciiclight conditions,but there is little difference in the effects between degradable and conventional MMFs. Kevwords:micro mulch film: light intensitv: communitv structure: carbon fixation: carhon decomnosition
地膜具有優異的保、保溫、除草等功能且價格低廉,被廣泛應用于農業生產中,成為作物增產的重要工具。作為農業大國,我國部分省份地膜的平均覆蓋率已達到 70% ,地膜使用量在2020年達到136萬t。傳統地膜長達幾十年的大規模使用導致大量微小地膜碎片(以下將直徑小于 5mm 的地膜碎片稱為“微地膜”)在土壤中不斷累積,改變土壤理化性質,影響作物生長。近年來,同傳統地膜具有相似功能的可降解地膜可以在一定條件下被環境微生物分解,故受到研究者們的廣泛關注。然而大部分可降解地膜的完全降解須在一定的物理化學條件下進行3,田間的實際環境通常不能滿足降解所需的條件。與傳統地膜相比,大部分可降解地膜會在短時間內破損,進而產生較多微地膜,由此帶來的環境影響和潛在風險可能更大4]。
微生物是土壤生態系統中的分解者,土壤微生物的群落結構和功能是評價土壤生態系統功能和健康程度的重要指標。目前有關地膜對土壤微生物結構和功能影響的研究逐年增多。有研究表明,可降解地膜覆蓋的土壤變形菌群和子囊菌群的相對豐度高于聚乙烯地膜覆蓋土壤的相應菌群豐度[5。Zhao等發現田間實驗的可降解殘留膜上富集了與碳循環相關的功能類群,如變形菌門、放線菌門和酸桿菌門等,從而間接影響了覆膜土壤的微生物群落結構。Yang等發現可降解殘留膜增加了一些優勢細菌門的相對豐度,包括擬桿菌門、放線菌門和綠彎菌門,它們具有與物質降解和抵御土壤脅迫相關的潛在功能。……