
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):U414 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):2095-2945(2025)24-0099-04
Abstract:Inthisstudy,anumericalmodelofasphaltpavementwithcracksatthebottomofthebaselayerwasconstructed basedonABAQUS.Basedonthetheoryofelasticdynamicsandfracturemechanics,themechanicalresponsecharacteristicsof the stress concentration factors K1 and K2 of the cracked pavement under dynamic load of vehicles were analyzed,and compared with the static load test.The results show that K1 and K2 aresignificantly retarded under dynamic load,and K1 is 1.6 times that ofstaticloadduringcrackinitiation.Theinitialstageofcracksismainlyshearfailureunderstaticload,andcompositetensile and shear failure under dynamic load. During crack propagation, K1 first increases and then decreases,and K2 continuesto increase,with K1 and K2 dominant in the early and late stages respectively. Increasing the thickness and modulus of the base layercanefectivelyinhibitcrackpropagation.Theresearchrevealsthemechanismofcrackpropagationunderdynamicload, providestheoreticalsupportforpavementoptimizationdesign,andhasimportantguidingsignificanceforimprovingpavement performance.
Keywords: asphalt pavement; crack propagation; dynamic load; dynamic modulus; stress intensity factor
半剛性基層瀝青路面因優(yōu)異路用性能而廣泛應(yīng)用,其結(jié)構(gòu)耐久性及裂損行為演化機(jī)理備受關(guān)注。研究表明,裂縫萌生階段的結(jié)構(gòu)性能衰減是制約服役壽命的關(guān)鍵因素,其中動(dòng)載作用下?lián)p傷路面的非協(xié)調(diào)力學(xué)響應(yīng)顯著加劇細(xì)觀損傷累積,加速結(jié)構(gòu)破壞進(jìn)程。闡明動(dòng)載-材料損傷耦合作用機(jī)制對(duì)完善養(yǎng)護(hù)決策體系具有重要理論意義。數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)為耐久性評(píng)估與裂尖奇異性分析提供有效工具。國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者通過(guò)構(gòu)建理論模型揭示裂尖力學(xué)場(chǎng)演化規(guī)律,推動(dòng)相關(guān)理論體系完善與工程防護(hù)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新2。柴艷春3采用平面有限元法分析瀝青路面裂縫,探討結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì) K 值的影響及裂縫擴(kuò)展機(jī)制。然而,現(xiàn)有研究多關(guān)注表層反射裂縫,對(duì)基層裂縫的動(dòng)載響應(yīng)研究不足,基于準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)力學(xué)模型的傳統(tǒng)分析方法在表征動(dòng)態(tài)荷載作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)非線(xiàn)性響應(yīng)方面存在顯著局限性[4。本文基于ABAQUS構(gòu)建含基層裂縫的瀝青路面模型,研究偏/正載作用下復(fù)合型應(yīng)力強(qiáng)度因子 (K1,K2) 動(dòng)態(tài)演化規(guī)律,揭示裂縫擴(kuò)展控制參數(shù),為路面耐久性設(shè)計(jì)與維護(hù)提供理論依據(jù)。
瀝青路面結(jié)構(gòu)數(shù)值建模與參數(shù)化分析
1.1幾何模型構(gòu)建及約束條件
本研究通過(guò)ABAQUS/Explicit平臺(tái)建立 10m×10m× 10m 四層三維有限元模型,在基層底部預(yù)設(shè) 4cm 初始裂縫。基于輪間弱耦合假設(shè),構(gòu)建單側(cè)雙輪簡(jiǎn)化力學(xué)模型。采用C3D8R單元實(shí)現(xiàn)全域離散,通過(guò)裂縫尖端布置奇異性單元、加載區(qū)及裂尖網(wǎng)格加密策略,總單元量為12556個(gè),確保模型兼具網(wǎng)格畸變適應(yīng)性和位移解算精度。……