植物精油對(duì)煙草多種病原菌的抑制效果

中圖分類號(hào)S435.72文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼A

文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2025）11-0126-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2025.11.027

開(kāi)放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）：

Inhibiting Effects of Plant Essential Oils on Multiple Pathogens of Tobacco

YANG Lei，WANG Cong，HU Xin-yu et al（Hunan Tobacco Industry Co. Ltd.，Changsha，Hunan 410014）

AbstracthissdysteloeteisofplateetialilsoneajoobothosFusoy（u singredstardase）iciliu（asingfrgeisease）dstosoace（usictealild， andtoprovideanewrategforteprevetioandcontrolofobaccodiseass5Otysofplantssetialilsweretestedundervariouso centrationsusingmetodsschsthemyelialgowthatesandantiicrobialsuseptibilitytestdisesultsinicatethatlrelil， thyme oil，cinnamon oil，myrrh oil，and cinnamic acid significantly inhibited the growth of F oxysporum （achieving a 100% inhibition rate） at both high （ 100μL/mL ）and low concentrations （2.0，1.0μL/mL ）.Similarly，these oils and acid also showed significant inhibition of V. dahliae，with a 100% inhibition rate at both concentrations. Cinnamon oil and myrrh oil were particularly effective against R . solanacearum， with their inhibitory effects intensifying as the concentration increased. At a low concentration of 10μL/mL ，cinnamon oil demonstrated a remarkable ability to reduce the growth of R solanacearum，with aninhibition zone diameter of 2.55 cm.Cinnamon oil and myrrh oil exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the growth of F oxysporum，V. dahliae，and R .solanacearum.Based on these findings，future research shouldfurtheritatetticoblhasoflantetialilsalidatetesultstouhfldalsdrgsety assessment efforts to more effectively enhance strategies for the prevention and control of tobacco diseases.

Key wordsPlant essential oil;Antibacterial;Tobaccobacterial wilt;Tobacco frog eye disease;Tobaccored stardisease

植物精油作為一種天然的、綠色環(huán)保的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)材料，近年來(lái)在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中得到了廣泛關(guān)注，特別是在生物防治領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用前景備受矚目[1]。研究植物精油對(duì)病原菌的抑制作用，對(duì)于推動(dòng)綠色、高效、環(huán)保、可持續(xù)的生物防治技術(shù)發(fā)展具有重要意義[2-3]。然而，盡管植物精油在多個(gè)領(lǐng)域展現(xiàn)出良好的抑菌效果，但關(guān)于其對(duì)煙草病原菌抑制作用及作用機(jī)制的研究仍相對(duì)匱乏。煙草作為全世界最古老且重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物之一，其產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量因病原菌的侵害而遭受嚴(yán)重影響，使得煙草病原菌的防治成為煙草生產(chǎn)中的重要課題[4-5]。傳統(tǒng)的化學(xué)防治方法雖然能在一定程度上控制了病害，但環(huán)境污染和藥害累積等問(wèn)題日益凸顯，迫切需要尋找新的防治手段[。植物精油因其抑菌、殺蟲、促生等多種功能，被視為一種綠色、安全、高效的生物防治藥劑，對(duì)控制煙草病原菌具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景[7-10]。研究表明植物精油在抑菌方面具有顯著效果，Barel等[11]發(fā)現(xiàn) 0.05mg/g 百里香油對(duì)草莓貯藏期病害有明顯抑制作用;劉海燕等[12]發(fā)現(xiàn)500μL/mL 細(xì)辛油對(duì)白菜葉斑病菌、煙草赤星病菌具有強(qiáng)抑制作用;馮俊濤等[13]研究表明 0.5mg/mL 的大花金挖耳花蕾精油對(duì)煙草赤星病菌、蘋果炭疽病菌的抑菌率在 60% 左右；姚雷等[4將肉桂精油、枯茗精油、檸檬草精油混配后，對(duì)煙草黑脛病的防治效果高達(dá) 81.2% ;楊若穎等[15]發(fā)現(xiàn)采用二倍稀釋法在 100mg/L 下，某些精油對(duì)煙草青枯病菌有顯著的抑菌作用。……