用于宣紙書畫保護的水性聚氨酯保護液制備及性能分析

摘 要： 以納米ZnO粒子和丙烯酸酯（PA）單體為改性劑，通過乳液聚合法制備納米ZnO粒子/丙烯酸酯改性的水性聚氨酯（PU）保護液，并將其應用于宣紙以模擬書畫作品的保護與老化過程。采用FT-IR、UV-Vis和接觸角測試等手段分析保護液和保護液膜的性能，分析保護液對宣紙微觀形貌和作品外觀的影響，探究保護液對宣紙的加固和抗老化性能。結果表明：丙烯酸酯PA改性降低了保護液的穩定性，增強了保護液膜的耐水性，納米ZnO粒子和丙烯酸酯PA改性則降低了保護液膜的紫外光透過率；保護液對宣紙外觀無明顯影響，符合書畫作品保護液的要求；保護液涂覆具有良好的宣紙加固效果，當保護液中PA與PU質量比為50/50時，宣紙的抗張指數和撕裂指數為23.26 N·m/g和1.51 mN·m²/g，相較空白宣紙增加了53.2%和69.7%，同時提高了紙張的抗紫外老化和抗干熱老化性能。研究結果可為制備抗老化的書畫作品保護液提供有益參考抗老化書畫作品保護液的制備提供有益參考。

關鍵詞：納米ZnO；丙烯酸酯；聚氨酯；保護液；宣紙；書畫保護；抗老化

中圖分類號：TS79

文獻標志碼：A

文章編號：1673-3851 （2025） 03-0205-09

引文格式：劉洋，李霄峰，張秀梅，等. 用于宣紙書畫保護的水性聚氨酯保護液制備及性能分析［J］. 浙江理工大學學報（自然科學），2025，53（2）：205-213.

Reference Format： LIU Yang，LI Xiaofeng，ZHANG Xiumei，et al. Preparation and performance analysis of waterborne polyurethane protective solution for painting and calligraphy protection of Xuan paper［J］. Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University，2025，53（2）：205-213.

Preparation and performance analysis of waterborne polyurethane protective solution for painting and calligraphy protection of Xuan paper

LIU Yang， LI Xiaofeng， ZHANG Xiumei， MA Dongsheng， LIAO Xu

（College of Textile Science and Engineering （International Institute of Silk）， Zhejiang Sci-Tech University， Hangzhou 310018， China）

Abstract：A waterborne polyurethane protective solution modified with nano-ZnO particles/acrylate was prepared via emulsion polymerization method with nano-ZnO particles and acrylate monomer as modifiers. The protective solution was applied to the Xuan paper to simulate the protection and aging of calligraphy and painting works. The properties of the protective solution and film thereof were analyzed by using methods such as FT-IR， UV-Vis， and contact angle tests. The effect of the protective solution on the microscopic morphology and appearance of Xuan paper were tested， and the strengthening and anti-aging properties of the protective solution were explored. The results showed that the modification of acrylate reduced the stability of the protective solution but enhanced the water resistance of the protective solution film， and the modification with nano-ZnO particles and acrylate reduced the UV transmittance of the protective solution film; the protective solution had no significant impact on the appearance of Xuan paper， meeting the requirements for the protection of calligraphy and painting works; the application of the protective solution effectively strengthened the Xuan paper and when the weight ratio of PA to PU in the protective emulsion was 50/50， the tensile index and tear index of Xuan paper were 23.26 N·m/g and 1.51 mN·m²/g， respectively， which were 53.2% and 69.7% higher than those of blank paper. Meanwhile， the ultraviolet aging resistance and dry heat aging resistance of Xuan paper were improved. The results can provide valuable reference for the preparation of aging-resistant protective solution for calligraphy and painting works.

Key words：nano-ZnO; acrylate; polyurethane; protective solution; Xuan paper; protection of calligraphy and painting works; aging resistance

0 引 言

紙張是藝術和文化的重要載體之一，在信息保存與傳遞過程中起到了至關重要的作用。然而，紙張在保存過程中，會因為一些外部環境因素，例如紫外光、蟲害、微生物和潮濕等，發生老化或損壞等現象^［1］。紫外……