基于改進非支配排序遺傳算法的服裝吊掛生產線平衡優化

摘 要： 在向吊掛生產線轉型的過程中，服裝企業依靠經驗進行作業編排，存在編制效率低、工位負荷不均以及生產周期長等問題；為解決這些問題，以最小化流水線節拍、最小化流水線均衡指數和最小化最大完工時間為目標，運用MATLAB構建服裝吊掛生產線平衡模型；為提高局部搜索能力，引入局部變異算子改進的非支配排序英文術語未體現多目標遺傳算法（Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms Ⅱ， NSGA-Ⅱ）對模型進行優化。結果表明：改進后的算法具有良好的收斂性，較改進前耗用更少迭代次數得到作業編排方案最優值，優化后的服裝吊掛生產線編制效率為92.23%，比原有效率提高了32.90%；在仿真軟件Plant Simulation中對優化方案進行仿真運行，生產線日產量提升29.34%，平均資源利用率提升10.25%，表明提出的模型及算法可有效解決服裝吊掛生產線的平衡問題。

關鍵詞：服裝吊掛生產流水線；生產作業編排；遺傳算法；生產線平衡；生產線仿真

中圖分類號：TS941

文獻標志碼：A

文章編號：1673-3851 （2025） 03-0246-08

引文格式：魏依寧，邵一兵，季曉芬. 基于改進非支配排序遺傳算法的服裝吊掛生產線平衡優化［J］. 浙江理工大學學報（自然科學），2025，53（2）：246-253.

Reference Format： WEI Yining，SHAO Yibing，JI Xiaofen. Balance optimization of garment hanging assembly line based on improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ［J］. Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University，2025，53（2）：246-253.

Balance optimization of garment hanging assembly line based on improved

non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ

WEI Yining^1a，SHAO Yibing^1b，JI Xiaofen²

（1a. School of Fashion Design amp; Engineering; 1b. School of International Education，

Zhejiang Sci-Tech University， Hangzhou 310018， China; 2.China National Silk Museum，

Hangzhou 310021， China）

Abstract：In the process of transformation to hanging production line， garment enterprises rely on experience for job scheduling， with problems such as low scheduling efficiency， uneven workstation loads， and long production cycles. To solve these problems， MATLAB was used to construct a balanced model of the garment hanging production line with the objectives of minimizing the assembly line beats， the assembly line smoothness index and the maximum completion time. To improve the local search ability， non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms Ⅱ （NSGA-Ⅱ） improved by local mutation operators were introduced to optimize the model.

To improve the local search ability， the multi-objective non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ （NSGA-Ⅱ） improved by local mutation operators was introduced to optimize the model.

The results showed that the improved algorithm had good convergence， and it took less iteration times to get the optimal value of the work arrangement scheme. The optimization efficiency of the garment hanging production line was 92.23%， 32.90% higher than the original efficiency. The optimization scheme was simulated in the software Plant Simulation. The daily output of the production line was increased by 29.34%， and the average resource utilization rate was increased by 10.25%， indicating that the proposed model and algorithm could effectively solve the balance problem of the garment hanging production line.

Key words：garment hanging assembly line; production process arrangement; genetic algorithm; assembly line balance; assembly line simulation

0 引 言

生產線平衡旨在為達成既定的需求計劃與生產目標，通過精準調控單位時間內流水線上各工位或操作人員的任務負荷，以實現生產流程的高效均衡^［1］。針對服裝制造業，服裝生產線平衡是指通過合理分配工序，確保各工位之間的生產進度保持高度一致或平衡狀態^［2］。生產線平衡優化的目標在于使各工作地的作業時間盡可能趨近于一個理想的平均節拍，有效規避生產過程中的作業積壓與資源閑置現象，從而提升整體生產效率與資源利用率^［3］。……