ZigBee技術(shù)和支持向量機(jī)下室內(nèi)火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)

摘" 要： 室內(nèi)火災(zāi)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)只能基于少量傳感器的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行判斷，容易受到煙霧、溫度等干擾，導(dǎo)致誤判率較高。為此，基于ZigBee技術(shù)和支持向量機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)一種室內(nèi)火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。采用傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)采集室內(nèi)煙霧濃度與溫度信息，通過ZigBee路由設(shè)備將采集的信息轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至ZigBee協(xié)調(diào)器內(nèi)。利用基于負(fù)載均衡的ZigBee網(wǎng)絡(luò)多徑路由算法建立信息傳輸路徑，將ZigBee路由設(shè)備轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的信息傳輸至支持向量機(jī)處理模塊內(nèi)。使用支持向量機(jī)算法處理煙霧濃度與溫度信息，獲取高校室內(nèi)火災(zāi)類型的發(fā)生概率，并與事先設(shè)置的判別閾值進(jìn)行比較，當(dāng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生概率大于閾值，自動(dòng)報(bào)警模塊會(huì)自動(dòng)發(fā)出警報(bào)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：所設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)火災(zāi)信息采集精度較高，無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存周期長，具備較優(yōu)的信息傳輸效果，且能夠有效計(jì)算高校室內(nèi)火災(zāi)類型發(fā)生概率并自動(dòng)發(fā)出警報(bào)。

關(guān)鍵詞： ZigBee技術(shù)； 支持向量機(jī)； 室內(nèi)火災(zāi)； 自動(dòng)報(bào)警； 協(xié)調(diào)器； 信息傳輸； 多徑路由算法

中圖分類號(hào)： TN925?34" " " " " " " " " " " " " " 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼： A" " " " " " " " " " " "文章編號(hào)： 1004?373X（2025）02?0148?05

Indoor fire automatic alarm system based on ZigBee technology

and support vector machine

ZOU Feng

（Changzhou University， Changzhou 213159， China）

Abstract： The indoor fire alarm system can only make judgments based on a small amount of sensor data， and is susceptible to interference from smoke， temperature， and other factors， leading to an increase in 1 alarm rates. On this basis， an indoor fire automatic alarm system is designed based on ZigBee technology and support vector machines. The sensor nodes are used to collect indoor smoke concentration and temperature information， and the collected information is forwarded to the ZigBee coordinator by means of ZigBee routing devices. The ZigBee network multipath routing algorithm based on load balancing is used to establish the information transmission path， and the information forwarded by the ZigBee routing device is transmitted into the support vector machine processing module. The support vector machine algorithm is used to process smoke concentration and temperature information to obtain the probability of indoor fire types in universities， and compare it with preset discrimination thresholds. When the probability of fire occurrence exceeds the threshold， the automatic alarm module will automatically issue an alarm. The experimental results show that the designed system has high accuracy in collecting fire information， long wireless network life cycle， excellent information transmission effect， and can effectively calculate the probability of indoor fire types in universities and automatically issue alarms.

Keywords： ZigBee technology; support vector machine; indoor fire; automatic alarm; coordinator; information transmission; multipath routing algorithm

0" 引" 言

隨著高校規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大和建筑密度的增加，火災(zāi)安全問題已經(jīng)成為高校管理中的重要環(huán)節(jié)[1?2]。為了保障師生的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全，主要采用室內(nèi)火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)室內(nèi)火災(zāi)隱患并及時(shí)發(fā)出警報(bào)[3]，降低損失。因此，室內(nèi)火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警系統(tǒng)研究具有重要意義。

文獻(xiàn)[4]利用火災(zāi)探測(cè)器采集室內(nèi)與火災(zāi)相關(guān)的信息，通過WiFi模塊將采集的信息傳輸至語音單片機(jī)內(nèi)，通過深度學(xué)習(xí)算法處理接收的信息，分析是否存在火災(zāi)隱患，若存在則以語音的方式進(jìn)行火災(zāi)自動(dòng)報(bào)警。……