ZigBee技術和支持向量機下室內火災自動報警系統

摘" 要： 室內火災報警系統只能基于少量傳感器的數據進行判斷，容易受到煙霧、溫度等干擾，導致誤判率較高。為此，基于ZigBee技術和支持向量機設計一種室內火災自動報警系統。采用傳感器節點采集室內煙霧濃度與溫度信息，通過ZigBee路由設備將采集的信息轉發至ZigBee協調器內。利用基于負載均衡的ZigBee網絡多徑路由算法建立信息傳輸路徑，將ZigBee路由設備轉發的信息傳輸至支持向量機處理模塊內。使用支持向量機算法處理煙霧濃度與溫度信息，獲取高校室內火災類型的發生概率，并與事先設置的判別閾值進行比較，當火災發生概率大于閾值，自動報警模塊會自動發出警報。實驗結果表明：所設計系統火災信息采集精度較高，無線網絡生存周期長，具備較優的信息傳輸效果，且能夠有效計算高校室內火災類型發生概率并自動發出警報。

關鍵詞： ZigBee技術； 支持向量機； 室內火災； 自動報警； 協調器； 信息傳輸； 多徑路由算法

中圖分類號： TN925?34" " " " " " " " " " " " " " 文獻標識碼： A" " " " " " " " " " " "文章編號： 1004?373X（2025）02?0148?05

Indoor fire automatic alarm system based on ZigBee technology

and support vector machine

ZOU Feng

（Changzhou University， Changzhou 213159， China）

Abstract： The indoor fire alarm system can only make judgments based on a small amount of sensor data， and is susceptible to interference from smoke， temperature， and other factors， leading to an increase in 1 alarm rates. On this basis， an indoor fire automatic alarm system is designed based on ZigBee technology and support vector machines. The sensor nodes are used to collect indoor smoke concentration and temperature information， and the collected information is forwarded to the ZigBee coordinator by means of ZigBee routing devices. The ZigBee network multipath routing algorithm based on load balancing is used to establish the information transmission path， and the information forwarded by the ZigBee routing device is transmitted into the support vector machine processing module. The support vector machine algorithm is used to process smoke concentration and temperature information to obtain the probability of indoor fire types in universities， and compare it with preset discrimination thresholds. When the probability of fire occurrence exceeds the threshold， the automatic alarm module will automatically issue an alarm. The experimental results show that the designed system has high accuracy in collecting fire information， long wireless network life cycle， excellent information transmission effect， and can effectively calculate the probability of indoor fire types in universities and automatically issue alarms.

Keywords： ZigBee technology; support vector machine; indoor fire; automatic alarm; coordinator; information transmission; multipath routing algorithm

0" 引" 言

隨著高校規模的擴大和建筑密度的增加，火災安全問題已經成為高校管理中的重要環節[1?2]。為了保障師生的生命和財產安全，主要采用室內火災自動報警系統實時監測室內火災隱患并及時發出警報[3]，降低損失。因此，室內火災自動報警系統研究具有重要意義。

文獻[4]利用火災探測器采集室內與火災相關的信息，通過WiFi模塊將采集的信息傳輸至語音單片機內，通過深度學習算法處理接收的信息，分析是否存在火災隱患，若存在則以語音的方式進行火災自動報警。……