基于AHP的野牡丹科植物的園林應用綜合評價

摘要" 為評價野牡丹科植物在深圳地區的園林應用能力，應用層次分析法（AHP），從觀賞性、適應性和園林種植表現3個方面，觀測統計棱果花、粉苞美丁花等10種野牡丹科植物的花期、花朵顏色等12個性狀指標，構建綜合評價體系。結果表明，該綜合性評價體系較為完善，3個方面對野牡丹科植物在研究區的園林應用能力評價影響存在差異，影響力從小到大依次為觀賞性、適應性和園林種植表現。綜合評分可得，Ⅰ級野牡丹科植物有地稔和野牡丹，推薦在研究區園林中優先使用；Ⅱ級植物共5個，分別是粉苞美丁花、白花野牡丹、巴西光榮樹、銀毛野牡丹和蜂斗草，建議在研究區園林中可以推廣應用。研究結果為野牡丹科植物在研究區園林應用提供參考。

關鍵詞" 野牡丹科；園林應用；層次分析法；綜合評價

中圖分類號" Q949；S-3"""""" 文獻標識碼" A"""""" 文章編號" 1007-7731（2024）21-0044-05

DOI號" 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2024.21.009

作者簡介 竇鎖柱（1981—），男，廣東深圳人，工程師，從事園林植物與觀賞園藝研究。

收稿日期 2024-06-07

Comprehensive evaluation of landscape application of Melastomataceae plants based on AHP

DOU Suozhu

（Shenzhen Guoyi Park Construction Co.， Ltd.， Shenzhen 518040， China）

Abstract" To evaluate the landscaping application ability of Melastomataceae plants in Shenzhen area， the analytic hierarchy process （AHP） was applied， a comprehensive evaluation system was constructed through the observation and statistical analysis to observe and statistics 12 traits including flowering time and flower colour of 10"species of Melastomataceae， including Barthea barthei and Medinilla magnifica， from 3 aspects： ornamental， adaptability， and garden planting performance. The results indicated that the comprehensive evaluation system was relatively complete， and there were differences in the impact of the 3 aspects on the evaluation of the landscaping application ability of wild peony plants in the study area. The impact was ranked from small to large as ornamental， adaptive， and landscaping planting performance. According to the comprehensive score， Melastoma dodecandrum and M. candidum were classified as GradeⅠ Melastomataceae plants， which were recommended for priority use in Shenzhen gardens. There were a total of 5 Grade II plants， including Medinilla magnifica， Melastoma malabathricum ‘Alba’， Pleroma semidecandrum， Pleroma heteromallum， and Sonerila antonensis. They were recommended to promote their application in study area’s gardens. The research results provided references for the application of Melastomataceae plants in the study area’s landscaping.

Keywords" Melastomataceae; landscape application; analytic hierarchy process; comprehensive evaluation

層次分析法（Analytic hierarchy process，AHP）是一種定性和定量相結合的決策分析法，其通過構建多層次、多維度的模型決策解決多目標、多準則和內容復雜的問題[1-2]。該方法常被應用于解決科學研究和實際生產領域中的復雜問題，以及園林和觀賞園藝領域種質資源觀賞和推廣應用價值的評價[3-4]。

野牡丹科（Melastomataceae）植物資源豐富，約11屬114種[5]。其植物形態多樣、花色豐富，部分種類的花期較長，具有長期綠化、美化的效果，觀賞價值較高。該科植物適應性強、生長速度快、易成活、耐貧瘠且耐陰和耐踩踏，生產管理較簡便，可應用于花壇、花籬、地被和室內展示等場景，表現出較高的園林應用價值[5-6]。……