石灰單施與生物炭配施對(duì)復(fù)耕土壤質(zhì)量和小麥生長(zhǎng)的影響

摘要" 本研究通過盆栽試驗(yàn)，探討石灰類調(diào)理劑單施與生物炭配施對(duì)復(fù)耕土壤理化性質(zhì)及小麥幼苗生長(zhǎng)的影響，以期為復(fù)耕地酸化土壤降酸提質(zhì)和提升作物產(chǎn)量提供參考。結(jié)果表明，對(duì)酸性土壤（pH 5.35）施用調(diào)理劑與CK（未施加調(diào)理劑）相比，可增加土壤堿解氮、有效磷和速效鉀含量，增幅分別在0.15%～7.93%、2.38%～8.34%和6.68%～21.33%；提高了小麥根鮮重、干重，增幅分別在2.78%～15.63%、1.14%～15.23%。單施石灰石粉的總根長(zhǎng)、根系體積和總表面積較CK分別增加了10.75%、13.65%和11.98%。石灰類調(diào)理劑與生物炭配施增加了小麥地上部全氮、全磷和全鉀含量，增幅分別在6.47%～12.92%、2.27%～7.70%和5.37%～9.44%；地下部全氮、全磷含量增幅在18.82%～24.27%、12.24%～22.37%。單施生物炭對(duì)土壤堿解氮、速效鉀含量有促進(jìn)作用；石灰類調(diào)理劑與生物炭配施能促進(jìn)土壤有效磷含量、小麥生物量和土壤氮磷鉀養(yǎng)分的增加。

關(guān)鍵詞" 土壤酸化；石灰；生物炭；小麥生長(zhǎng)；土壤質(zhì)量

中圖分類號(hào)" S158.3；S512.1"""""" 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼" A"""""" 文章編號(hào)" 1007-7731（2024）21-0001-07

DOI號(hào)" 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2024.21.001

基金項(xiàng)目 浙江省科學(xué)技術(shù)廳“領(lǐng)雁”研發(fā)攻關(guān)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目（2022C02022，2023C02020）。

作者簡(jiǎn)介 方書琴（1997—），女，河南信陽人，碩士研究生，從事耕地質(zhì)量培育與提升研究。

通信作者 方先芝（1990—），女，河南信陽人，博士，講師，從事土壤肥力與植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)研究。

收稿日期 2024-05-12

Effects of lime application alone and biochar combined application on soil quality and wheat growth in fallow fields

FANG Shuqin1""" BU Aiai1""" HU Juanxin1"nbsp;" WU Linzhe1""" YE Zhengqian1，2""" FANG Xianzhi1，2

（1Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province， Zhejiang Aamp;F University， Hangzhou 311300， China;

2State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Cultivation Jointly Built by the Province and Ministry， Zhejiang Aamp;F University， Hangzhou 311300， China）

Abstract" Through pot experiments， the effects of single application of lime based conditioners and combined application of biochar on the physical and chemical properties of fallow soil， and the growth and nutrient absorption of wheat seedlings were investigated， aiming to provide references for rapidly reducing acidity， improving quality， and enhancing crop yield in refarmed acidified soil. The results showed that compared with the control （without the application of conditioner）， the application of conditioners in acidic soil （pH 5.35） increased the soil alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen， available phosphorus， and available potassium content， with increases of 0.15%-7.93%， 2.38%-8.34% and 6.68%-21.33%， respectively. It also increased the fresh and dry root weight of wheat on acidic soil， with increases of 2.78%-15.63%， 1.14%-15.23%， respectively. The total root length， root volume and total surface area of single application of limestone powder increased 10.75%， 13.65% and 11.98% compared to CK. The application of lime conditioner alone and combined with biochar increased the total nitrogen， total phosphorus， and total potassium content in the above-ground wheat， with increases of 2.78%-12.92%， 2.27%-7.70% and 5.37%-9.44%， respectively. The increase in total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in wheat roots ranged from 18.82%-24.27%， 12.24%-22.37%， respectively. The application of biochar alone had a promoting effect on soil alkaline nitrogen and available potassium content; the combination of lime based conditioners and biochar could promote the increase of soil available phosphorus content， wheat biomass， and soil nitrogen， phosphorus， and potassium nutrients.

Keywords" soil acidification; lime; biochar; wheat growth; soil quality

耕地“非糧化”是指原來種植糧食作物的土地逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榉N植利潤(rùn)效益更高的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物的現(xiàn)象[1]。浙江作為主要的糧食生產(chǎn)功能區(qū)之一，蔬菜、瓜果等作物種植面積較大[2]。耕地若長(zhǎng)期“非糧化”種植可能引起土壤酸化現(xiàn)象。鄭銘潔等[3]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，水田改種茶樹后土壤呈現(xiàn)酸化趨勢(shì)，土壤pH由原來的5.82降低到4.56；……