數字普惠金融對農戶土地出租行為的影響效應研究

摘要 數字普惠金融怎樣影響農戶土地出租行為值得深入探索。利用中國家庭追蹤調查數據構建多時點DID模型對農戶出租土地行為產生的經濟效益和數字普惠金融對農戶家庭的經濟效益進行分析，同時構建Probit模型評估數字普惠金融對農戶土地出租行為的影響。結果表明，數字普惠金融在促進農戶土地出租和提高工資性收入方面發揮了積極作用，但與之伴隨的是經營性收入的抑制。同時，研究還發現出租土地的農戶相對于不出租土地的家庭，工資性收入較高，但出租土地會抑制其經營性收入。上述效應在不同地區存在差異，且勞動力稟賦較高的家庭會獲得更高工資性收入和經營性收入。由此得出，數字普惠金融和土地出租對農村家庭的經濟狀況產生了復雜的影響。數字普惠金融可以作為一種工具，促進農業土地的流轉，實現土地資源的高效利用。在推動數字普惠金融的同時，也需要考慮如何平衡農戶的工資性收入和經營性收入。因此，政策制定應當因地制宜，最大程度地促進農村經濟的可持續增長，并提高農戶的整體福祉。

關鍵詞 數字普惠金融；土地流轉；農村經濟

中圖分類號 S-9；F 321.1;F 323.8 文獻標識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2024）22-0215-11

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2024.22.045

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

The Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on the Land Leasing Behavior of Farmers

RAN Guang-he，HUANG Zheng-guo

（School of Economics and Business Administration， Chongqing University，Chongqing 400044）

Abstract The impact of digital inclusive finance on the land leasing behavior of farmers is worth exploring in depth. This study uses data from the China Family Panel Studies to construct a multi-time point DID model to analyze the economic benefits generated by farmers’ land leasing behavior and the impact of digital inclusive finance on the economic benefits of farming households. At the same time， a probit model is constructed to assess the influence of digital inclusive finance on farmers’ land leasing behavior. The results show that digital inclusive finance plays a positive role in promoting land leasing by farmers and increasing wage income， but it is accompanied by a suppression of operational income. The study also finds that households that lease land， compared to those that do not， have higher wage income， but leasing land suppresses their operational income. These effects vary by region， and households with higher labor endowments obtain higher wage and operational incomes. This study indicates that digital inclusive finance and land leasing have complex impacts on the economic conditions of rural families. Digital inclusive finance can serve as a tool to promote the circulation of agricultural land and achieve efficient utilization of land resources. While promoting digital inclusive finance， it is also necessary to consider how to balance the wage income and operational income of farmers. Therefore， policy-making should be tailored to local conditions to maximize the sustainable growth of the rural economy and improve the overall welfare of farmers.

Key words Digital inclusive finance;Land transfer;Rural economy

從古至今，土地一直是經濟社會發展的重要基礎。我國土地制度的發展是我國經歷的經濟社會變革的生動寫照。初期的公有制土地制度，到改革開放后的土地使用權出讓制度，再到近年來的集體土地建設用地入市改革，我國土地制度經歷了不斷的演變和優化，反映出社會主義市場經濟制度的逐步完善。……