運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽時(shí)應(yīng)該化妝嗎？

The Olympic Games in Paris have provided many fashion moments. Competitors， chiefly in gymnastics and athletics， are making nails a big part of their look. Sha’Carri Richardson is the pioneer here. Her statement nails have long been part of her style. For the 100-metre heats on Friday， her nails were pointed， jewelled and brightly patterned.

Sportspeople have traditionally kept their on-field style minimal in a bid to focus on optimum performance， so the nails here have raised eyebrows. However， Dr Danielle Norenberg， the head of psychology at the UK Sports Institute， says they can actually give an edge： “ I’m all for helping athletes figure out how they’re going to express themselves through their performance in a way that enhances their strengths and supports their methods.”

Norenberg dismisses any idea that these nails will be difficult to perform in. “The athletes and the coaches themselves are considering their equipment to the absolute nth degree and they would not be taking a risk that would compromise their performance in that respect，” she says. “It wouldn’t even be a consideration at this level.” Sophia Haug， a nail artist who has worked with Richardson says that Richardson is “setting a new standard， saying you can express yourself and be bougie （追求時(shí)尚）and beautiful on the track”.

The majority of athletes exploring experimental hair and beauty at the Olympics are Black – nails like this have been part of Black culture since the 80s.

However， Black athletes are often judged more harshly for their looks. Simone Biles， who became the most decorated American gymnast ever this week， was criticised on social media for what some saw as a “messy” bun. She swiftly spoke out on Instagram， posting a selfie （自拍照）with the comment： “Gonna hold your hand when I say this Next time you wanna comment on a black girls hair. JUST DON’T.”

Claye says： “As a young Black girl， who’s familiar with the click-clackity of the beads in hairstyles， when I saw that in a mainstream light， especially in a sport that I didn’t see representation of me or people that look like me， it was gamechanger.”

（材料選自The Guardian，有刪改）

1. Why has Sha’Carri Richardson attracted widespread attention compared to traditional athletes？

A. Because she is the champion of the 100m heats.

B. Because her nails were pointed， jewelled and brightly patterned.

C. Because she broke the world record.

D. Because she broke the rules of the competition.

2. What does the underlined word “dismiss” in paragraph 3 mean？

A. Refute. B. Defy. C. Denounce. D. Endorse.

3. How does Sophia Haug evaluate athletes doing nail art？

A. She believes that this is not conducive to athletes achieving good results.

B. She believes that this is a very common phenomenon.

C. She believes that athletes doing nail art is a way to break conventions and pursue individuality and freedom.

D. She believes that this is a foolish act of simply pursuing beauty.

4. What is the main idea of the 5 paragraph？

A. Simone Biles was criticized for posting selfies.

B. Black people are always discriminated against.

C. Black culture is always not supported.

D. Black athletes are often judged more harshly for their looks.

1. B。解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。材料第一段提到“Sha’Carri Richardson是這里的先驅(qū)。她的指甲一直是她風(fēng)格的一部分。在周五的100米預(yù)賽中，她的指甲是尖的，鑲著珠寶、圖案鮮艷”，由此可知 Sha’Carri Richardson受到廣泛關(guān)注的原因是她做了鮮艷、漂亮的美甲，故選B。

2.A。解析：詞義辨析題。材料第三段的第二、第三句提到“運(yùn)動(dòng)員和教練們都在徹底考慮自己的裝備，他們不會(huì)冒任何風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來(lái)影響自己在這一方面的表現(xiàn)，在這個(gè)層面上，做美甲甚至不會(huì)是一個(gè)考慮因素”。由此可知，“dismiss”是“駁斥、否定”的意思。A選項(xiàng)的意思是“駁斥、反駁”，B選項(xiàng)的意思是“違抗、藐視”，C選項(xiàng)的意思是“譴責(zé)、指責(zé)”，D選項(xiàng)的意思是“贊同、支持”，故選A。

3.C。解析：推理判斷題。材料第三段的第三句提到，Sophia Haug認(rèn)為“Sha’Carri Richardson是在建立新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，運(yùn)動(dòng)員即使在賽場(chǎng)上也可以美麗、表達(dá)自己”，由此推出運(yùn)動(dòng)員不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樵谫悎?chǎng)上化妝而被批評(píng)和否定，每個(gè)人都有自己想要追求的東西，可能是時(shí)尚，也可能是個(gè)性與自由，故選C。

4.D。解析：主旨大意題。材料第五段提到Simone Biles因?yàn)椤傲鑱y的發(fā)髻”的自拍照而被人們批評(píng)，第一句更是直接指出“黑種人運(yùn)動(dòng)員往往因外表而受到更嚴(yán)厲的評(píng)判”，故選D。