摘要 淺表食管癌(SEC)的傳統治療以內鏡治療和外科手術治療為主。外科手術是食管腫瘤治療的標準方法,但其圍手術期并發癥發生率和病死率均較高。近年來,內鏡黏膜下剝離術已取得較大進展,為SEC患者提供了有效的診斷和治療方法。本文就SEC內鏡黏膜下剝離術與外科手術的療效對比和超出內鏡黏膜下剝離術適應證的SEC的治療策略作一綜述,以期提高臨床醫師對SEC治療的認知。
關鍵詞 食管腫瘤; 內鏡黏膜下剝離術; 外科手術; 治療
Progress in Comparison of Therapeutic Efficacy Between Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection and Surgery for Superficial Esophageal Carcinoma YANG Ruoyun, CHEN Han, ZHANG Guoxin. Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing (210029)
Correspondence to: ZHANG Guoxin, Email: guoxinz@njmu.edu.cn
Abstract Superficial esophageal carcinoma (SEC) has traditionally been treated with endoscopic therapy and surgery. Surgical procedures have always been the standard approach for the management of esophageal tumors, but they are associated with high perioperative morbidity and mortality. In recent years, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has made significant advancements, offering an effective diagnostic and therapeutic modality for SEC. This article reviewed the comparison of therapeutic efficacy between ESD and surgery for SEC, and discussed the treatment strategies for SEC that extended beyond the indications for ESD, with the aim of enhancing clinicians' understanding of SEC management.
Key words Esophageal Neoplasms; Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection; Surgical Procedures, Operative;
Therapy
食管癌是常見消化道腫瘤,其發病率和病死率均較高,中國是食管癌高發國家。以往通常采用開放性外科手術切除治療食管癌,但術后并發癥多且復雜。隨著內鏡微創技術的進展,內鏡黏膜下剝離術(endoscopic submucosal dissection, ESD)因其創傷性小、嚴重并發癥少、術后恢復快等特點受到廣大臨床醫師和患者的關注和認可,目前國內外已廣泛將其用于治療淺表食管癌(superficial esophageal carcinoma, SEC),并制定了ESD治療SEC的相關指南,且定義了ESD的絕對和相對適應證[1?2]。
查閱近10年來研究對象為確診SEC的成年患者(年齡≥18歲),使用ESD或外科手術作為主要治療手段,并對其治療效果相關的主要結局指標,如總體生存期(overall survival, OS)、無病生存期(disease?free survival, DFS)、不良事件發生率等進行比較的隨機對照試驗或回顧性隊列研究的相關中英文文獻。排除研究對象和研究類型不符合、干預措施不匹配、結局指標不相關和研究質量低下的文獻后,共納入10篇相關文獻[3?12],其中亞洲研究7篇,非亞洲3篇;單中心研究5篇,多中心1篇,SEER數據庫4篇。……