兼容分布式電源的直流配電系統運行控制技術

摘 要：該文主要探究兼容分布式電源的直流配電系統運行控制技術，旨在提升直流配電網的電壓穩定性和運行可靠性。以直流配電系統中的并網接口作為控制對象，在并網接口中設計三相VSC變換器和DC/DC變換器，均采用電流與電壓的雙閉環控制策略。在交流負載側采用恒壓恒頻控制，滿足直流配電網向交流電網供電的需要。仿真結果表明，并網接口的VSC變換器和DC/DC變換器直流側輸出電壓在啟動1.5 s后達到設定值并且維持穩定，系統動態響應性能良好；交流負載側電壓的幅值和頻率恒定，穩定輸出220 V交流電壓，保證直流配電系統的可靠運行。

關鍵詞：兼容分布式電源；直流配電系統；變換器；并網接口；控制模塊

中圖分類號：TM721.1 文獻標志碼：A 文章編號：2095-2945（2024）29-0178-04

Abstract： This paper mainly explores the operation control technology of DC distribution system compatible with distributed power supply， in order to improve the voltage stability and operation reliability of DC distribution network. Taking the grid-connected interface of DC distribution system as the control object， three-phase VSC converter and DC/DC converter are designed in the grid-connected interface， both of which adopt the double closed-loop control strategy of current and voltage. Constant voltage and constant frequency control is adopted on the AC load side to meet the needs of DC distribution network to supply power to AC network. The simulation results show that the DC-side output voltage of VSC converter and DC/DC converter with grid-connected interface reaches the set value and remains stable after 1.5s start-up， and the dynamic response performance of the system is good; the amplitude and frequency of AC load side voltage are constant， and the output voltage of 220V AC is stable， which ensures the reliable operation of DC distribution system.

Keywords： compatible distributed power supply; DC distribution system; converter; grid-connected interface; control module

現階段技術較為成熟的分布式電源有光伏電池、燃料電池、風力機等，分布式電源產生的直流電可以直接并入直流配電網，省去了換流步驟，簡化了直流配電系統的結構。從實際應用效果來看，直流配電系統具有更高的供電可靠性、更低的線路損耗、更便捷的分布式電源接入方式等特點，因此兼容分布式電源的直流配電系統得到了廣泛運用。為了進一步提高系統運行穩定性，避免因為分布式電源的波動而引起直流母線電壓閃變、跌落等情況，必須要對直流配電系統進行實時監控。結合兼容分布式電源的直流配電系統的結構特點與運行模式，探究其運行控制策略對保障直流配電系統可靠運行、維護電網公司經濟利益有積極幫助。……