


摘 要:為核電廠非放射性氨氮廢水的達(dá)標(biāo)處理及廢水處理站工程的新建,分析核電廠非放射性氨氮廢水現(xiàn)狀及問(wèn)題,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)有氨氮去除的工程應(yīng)用方法和核電廠自身的特點(diǎn),分析和論證核電廠非放射性氨氮廢水處理工藝的選擇。結(jié)果表明,非放射生活性氨氮廢水處理工藝采用傳統(tǒng)的缺氧-好氧生化法;非放射生產(chǎn)性氨氮廢水處理,直接達(dá)標(biāo)排放時(shí)采用折點(diǎn)加氯法,回用至除鹽水系統(tǒng)時(shí)采用折點(diǎn)加氯法和離子交換法的聯(lián)合。
關(guān)鍵詞:核電廠;非放射性廢水;氨氮;處理工藝;現(xiàn)狀分析
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):X799 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):2095-2945(2024)29-0170-04
Abstract: In order to achieve the standard treatment of non-radioactive ammonia nitrogen wastewater in nuclear power plants and the construction of wastewater treatment station, the present situation and problems of non-radioactive ammonia nitrogen wastewater in nuclear power plants are analyzed, and the selection of treatment process of non-radioactive ammonia nitrogen wastewater in nuclear power plants is analyzed and demonstrated in combination with the existing engineering application methods of ammonia nitrogen removal and the characteristics of nuclear power plants. The results show that the traditional anoxic-aerobic biochemical method is used for the treatment of non-radioactive domestic ammonia nitrogen wastewater. For the treatment of non-radioactive productive ammonianitrogen wastewater, the break-point chlorination method is used when it is discharged directly to the standard, and the combination of break-point chlorination method and ion exchange method is used when it is reused in the demineralized water system.
Keywords: nuclear power plant; non-radioactive wastewater; ammonia nitrogen; treatment process; current situation analysis
近年來(lái),我國(guó)核電行業(yè)迎來(lái)新的發(fā)展高峰。2022年和2023年期間,國(guó)家分別批準(zhǔn)了10臺(tái)新建的核電機(jī)組。與此同時(shí),隨著核電建設(shè)數(shù)量的增加,國(guó)家及地方環(huán)保部門(mén)對(duì)核電廠非放射性排放水的監(jiān)管和控制愈發(fā)嚴(yán)格,要求核電廠非放射性排水的二類(lèi)污染物含量達(dá)到國(guó)家或地方排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的限制。其中,含氨氮的非放射性廢水因其在核電廠的來(lái)源較多、濃度較高等原因成為核電非放射廢水處理達(dá)標(biāo)排放的一個(gè)重要關(guān)注指標(biāo)。
本文通過(guò)對(duì)核電廠非放射性氨氮廢水的來(lái)源、水質(zhì)水量特點(diǎn)及處理現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,并結(jié)合現(xiàn)用常用的廢水氨氮去除技術(shù),提出了非放射性氨氮廢水的處理工藝及方法,為核電廠非放射性廢水氨氮的達(dá)標(biāo)處理提供設(shè)計(jì)及運(yùn)行參考。
1 核電廠非放射性氨氮廢水現(xiàn)狀及問(wèn)題
核電廠非放射性氨氮廢水包括生活性氨氮廢水和生產(chǎn)性氨氮廢水,前者即核電廠的生活污水,后者可分為電廠正常運(yùn)行期間產(chǎn)生的氨氮廢水和電廠調(diào)試檢修期間產(chǎn)生的氨氮廢水。……