







摘 要:目前,煤矸石是我國年排放量和累計堆存量最大的工業廢棄物之一,有文獻研究發現,煤矸石粉碎后,其可以部分或全部代替黏土組分生產普通水泥。該研究以煅燒過的煤矸石粉與非煅燒過的煤矸石粉為研究對象,在混凝土中利用煤矸石替代一部分水泥,來研究混凝土的抗壓強度。通過正交試驗,發現煅燒過的煤矸石粉活性大于未煅燒的,且煅燒過煤矸石替代水泥的最佳替代范圍大致在20%~35%;未煅燒過煤矸石替代水泥的最佳替代范圍大致在15%~30%。這個研究結果實現對煤矸石的再利用,具有保護環境和節約資源的重要意義。
關鍵詞:煤矸石粉;水泥;活性;替代率;抗壓強度
中圖分類號:TD849 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:2095-2945(2024)29-0086-05
Abstract: At present, coal gangue is one of the industrial wastes with the largest annual discharge and cumulative stock in China. Studies from some literature have found that after pulverizing coal gangue, coal gangue can partially or completely replace clay components to produce ordinary cement. This study takes calcined coal gangue powder and non-calcined coal gangue powder as the research object, and uses coal gangue to replace part of cement in concrete to study the compressive strength of concrete. Through orthogonal experiment, it is found that the activity of calcined coal gangue powder is greater than that of uncalcined coal gangue powder, and the best replacement range of calcined coal gangue instead of cement is roughly between 20% and 35%. The best replacement range of uncalcined coal gangue for cement is roughly between 15% and 30%. This research result realizes the reuse of coal gangue and has the important significance of environmental protection and resource saving.
Keywords: coal gangue powder; cement; activity; substitution rate; compressive strength
煤矸石是目前我國年排放量和累計堆存量最大的工業廢棄物之一,煤矸石中含有大量的有機成分,同時富含金屬、堿土,以及碳、氮、氧、硫、硅、鋁和鉀等多種化學元素[1]。而傳統混凝土的生產是通過將水泥與砂子和礫石相結合而制成的,占全球溫室氣體排放量的5%~8%。這是因為水泥是混凝土中的關鍵成分,需要高溫和大量的能源來生產。因此,如果要減少能源消耗的話就得尋找代替水泥的物質,把煤矸石粉碎后,煤矸石可以全部或部分代替黏土組分生產普通水泥[2-3]。自燃或人工燃燒過的煤矸石,具有一定活性,可作為水泥的活性混合材料[4],一般摻合量小于20%可生產普通硅酸鹽水泥;而當摻合量在20%~50%可生產火山灰質水泥;摻合量大于50%可生產少熟料水泥;……