庫區(qū)滑坡涌浪爬高研究現(xiàn)狀與展望

摘 要：在對(duì)庫區(qū)滑坡涌浪資料的整理分析基礎(chǔ)上，概述典型庫區(qū)滑坡涌浪實(shí)例及其災(zāi)害。滑坡涌浪會(huì)給庫區(qū)周圍居民的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全帶來極大威脅，為了更好地防治滑坡涌浪災(zāi)害，該文從滑坡涌浪爬高方面出發(fā)，對(duì)近年來滑坡涌浪在物理模型實(shí)驗(yàn)和數(shù)值模擬研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行綜述，在物理模型實(shí)驗(yàn)方面，研究者們通過調(diào)整不同的參數(shù)，如滑坡形狀、斜度、體積等，模擬滑坡涌浪的爬高過程，并得出一些重要的結(jié)論。在數(shù)值模擬方面，研究者們通過建立數(shù)學(xué)模型，采用數(shù)值方法計(jì)算滑坡涌浪的運(yùn)動(dòng)和爬升過程。這種方法可以很好地理解滑坡涌浪的動(dòng)力學(xué)行為，并預(yù)測(cè)其爬高過程。未來應(yīng)該繼續(xù)深入研究影響滑坡涌浪爬高行為的因素，以期取得更多的突破和進(jìn)展。

關(guān)鍵詞：滑坡涌浪；爬高；物理模型實(shí)驗(yàn)；數(shù)值模擬；綜述

中圖分類號(hào)：P642.22 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號(hào)：2095-2945（2024）27-0115-04

Abstract： Based on the collation and analysis of the data of surge landslides in the reservoir area， this paper summarizes the typical examples of landslide surges and their disasters in the reservoir area. The landslide surge will bring great threat to the life and property safety of the residents around the reservoir area. In order to better prevent the landslide surge disaster， this paper starts from the aspect of landslide surge climbing， this paper summarizes the research progress of landslide surge in physical model experiment and numerical simulation in recent years. In physical model experiment， researchers simulate the climbing process of landslide surge by adjusting different parameters， such as landslide shape， slope， volume and so on， and some important conclusions are drawn. In the aspect of numerical simulation， researchers establish mathematical models and use numerical methods to calculate the movement and climbing process of landslide surges. This method can well understand the dynamic behavior of landslide surge and predict its climbing process. In the future， we should continue to study the factors that affect the climbing behavior of landslide surge， in order to make more breakthroughs and progress.

Keywords： landslide surge; climbing; physical model experiment; numerical simulation; summary

隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，中國在水利水電工程領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)了迅猛發(fā)展。特別是高壩建設(shè)技術(shù)，已經(jīng)逐步趨于成熟，并開始在全球范圍內(nèi)占據(jù)領(lǐng)先地位。目前，我國已經(jīng)成功建造了超過五百座中大型水庫，其中不乏世界級(jí)的重要水利工程，例如三峽、錦屏、白鶴灘和烏東德等。這些高壩建成后形成的大型水庫，在降雨、地震及水庫水位變化等多種因素的影響下會(huì)產(chǎn)生庫岸滑坡，從而導(dǎo)致涌浪的產(chǎn)生。滑坡涌浪作為一種由滑坡體滑入水中引發(fā)的次生災(zāi)害，其破壞力往往遠(yuǎn)超滑坡本身，經(jīng)常會(huì)對(duì)周圍居民、沿岸建筑物以及設(shè)備設(shè)施造成極大損失，甚至是慘痛的災(zāi)難性后果。……