淺談高職院校創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育與專業(yè)教育的融合

摘?要：創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)是一個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的動(dòng)力，大學(xué)生是創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)主體之一，是國(guó)家創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的重要支撐。我國(guó)對(duì)畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)一直給予政策上的支持，比如各種創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)比賽、創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)培訓(xùn)補(bǔ)貼等。這些政策的出臺(tái)對(duì)促進(jìn)就業(yè)、提升人力資源素質(zhì)起到了積極的推動(dòng)作用。高職院校近些年才在人才培養(yǎng)過程中設(shè)置了創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)課程，但由于實(shí)施過程的不完善，效果并不顯著。除了認(rèn)識(shí)上的缺乏，與專業(yè)教育相脫離也是創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育在培養(yǎng)具有創(chuàng)新精神的高素質(zhì)技能型人才中無法發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用的原因。

關(guān)鍵詞：高職院校；創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)；專業(yè)教育；融合

Abstract：Innovation?and?entrepreneurship?are?one?of?the?driving?forces?for?socioeconomic?development，and?encouraging?innovation?and?entrepreneurship?activities?with?college?students?as?the?main?body?is?an?important?support?for?the?national?innovation?driven?development?strategy.In?recent?years，the?country?has?successively?introduced?multiple?policies?targeting?innovation?and?entrepreneurship?for?graduates，including?subsidies?for?innovation?and?entrepreneurship?training?for?graduates.These?policies?have?played?a?positive?role?in?promoting?employment?and?improving?the?quality?of?human?resources.In?recent?years，vocational?colleges?have?only?established?innovation?and?entrepreneurship?courses?in?the?process?of?talent?cultivation，but?due?to?the?imperfect?implementation?process，the?effect?is?not?significant.In?addition?to?a?lack?of?understanding?of?innovation?and?entrepreneurship?education，the?separation?from?professional?education?is?also?the?reason?why?innovation?and?entrepreneurship?education?cannot?play?a?key?role?in?cultivating?highquality?skilled?talents?with?innovative?spirit.

Keyword：Vocational?colleges；Innovation?and?entrepreneurship；professional?education；Integration

創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)是基于創(chuàng)新基礎(chǔ)上的創(chuàng)業(yè)活動(dòng)，是一項(xiàng)具有較強(qiáng)實(shí)踐性社會(huì)活動(dòng)，通過開拓性與原創(chuàng)性的實(shí)踐活動(dòng)創(chuàng)造價(jià)值。創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育應(yīng)該以幫助學(xué)生提升職業(yè)規(guī)劃能力、樹立創(chuàng)新思維方式和培養(yǎng)就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)意識(shí)為目標(biāo)，在實(shí)施中與專業(yè)教育緊密結(jié)合，面向全體學(xué)生。高等職業(yè)教育強(qiáng)調(diào)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生實(shí)操能力，創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐能力正是創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)過程中必不可少的能力之一，而在這一點(diǎn)上，兩者對(duì)學(xué)生的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)是一致的。由于創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育進(jìn)入人才培養(yǎng)過程的時(shí)間短，教育理念還比較滯后，與專業(yè)課程融合不夠，在創(chuàng)新型人才培養(yǎng)過程中沒能發(fā)揮較大的作用。

1?創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育與專業(yè)教育融合對(duì)高職院校人才培養(yǎng)的意義

1.1?創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育與專業(yè)教育相融合，是創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)創(chuàng)業(yè)、創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)的助推劑