楊川 廖勇 杜永波 李元棟 張力



摘要:為了在某款摩托車汽油機(jī)缸內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)廢氣再循環(huán) (exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)分層以減少泵氣損失,降低NOx排放,將原有的進(jìn)氣旁通系統(tǒng)改造為EGR系統(tǒng),使用GT-POWER模型求解出3 000 r/min、60 mg進(jìn)氣量工況下廢氣入射管道以及進(jìn)排氣道的邊界條件和初始條件,并將這些條件導(dǎo)入發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的CONVERGE模型中進(jìn)行計(jì)算,通過(guò)對(duì)比不同廢氣入射管徑、不同安裝角度、不同安裝距離條件下的缸內(nèi)流動(dòng)特性、缸內(nèi)速度場(chǎng)以及缸內(nèi)廢氣質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)分布,確定了最佳廢氣入射管道參數(shù)。結(jié)果表明:在3 000 r/min、60 mg進(jìn)氣量工況下,當(dāng)廢氣入射管徑為5 mm,入射角度為17.5°,安裝距離為22 mm時(shí),氣缸內(nèi)能實(shí)現(xiàn)EGR分層。
關(guān)鍵詞:EGR分層;汽油機(jī);CONVERGE仿真
中圖分類號(hào):TK413.4????????? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A???????? 文章編號(hào):1000-582X(2024)01-021-10
Effect of exhaust gas incident pipe parameters on EGR stratification in cylinder
YANG Chuan1, LIAO Yong1, DU Yongbo1, LI Yuandong2, ZHANG Li1
(1. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China;
2. China Merchants Testing Certification Vehicle Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd.,
Chongqing 401122, P. R. China)
Abstract: To realize exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) stratification in the cylinder of a motorcycle gasoline engine, so as to reduce pump air loss and NOx emission, the intake bypass system in the original engine was transformed into an EGR system. The boundary conditions and initial conditions of the exhaust incident pipe, inlet and exhaust ducts under 3 000 r/min and 60 mg intake air were solved by using the GT-POWER model. These conditions were imported into the CONVERGE model of the engine for calculation, and the exhaust gas incident pipe parameters were determined by comparing the flow characteristics, velocity field and exhaust gas mass fraction in the cylinder under different exhaust gas incident pipe diameters, installation angles and installation distances. The results show that under the condition of 3 000 r/min and 60 mg intake air, EGR stratification can be realized in the cylinder when the exhaust gas incident pipe diameter is 5 mm, the incident pipe inclination angle is 17.5° and the installation distance is 22 mm.
Keywords: EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) stratification; gasoline engine; CONVERGE simulation
廢氣再循環(huán)(exhaust gas recirculation,EGR)技術(shù)逐漸被應(yīng)用于汽油機(jī)上,以應(yīng)對(duì)日趨嚴(yán)格的油耗和排放法規(guī)[1]。EGR技術(shù)能降低發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的泵氣功和傳熱損失,增加進(jìn)氣充量的比熱比[2],抑制發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的爆震[3],提高發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的效率[4-5]。太高的EGR率會(huì)阻礙火焰?zhèn)鞑ィ绊懭紵俣龋踔猎谛∝?fù)荷高EGR率的工況下發(fā)生失火;但小負(fù)荷下更需要提高EGR率來(lái)降低泵氣功,而EGR分層能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。通過(guò)采用特殊的EGR結(jié)構(gòu)以及合適的參數(shù)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)缸內(nèi)EGR分層,可以減少?gòu)U氣對(duì)火焰?zhèn)鞑サ母蓴_,提高發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)EGR的容忍度。
國(guó)外對(duì)分層EGR的研究開始得較早。Ricardo公司在1992年提出CCVS系統(tǒng),通過(guò)2個(gè)獨(dú)立的進(jìn)氣道在缸內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)EGR分層,試驗(yàn)表明在部分負(fù)荷條件下可以使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)經(jīng)濟(jì)性提高8%[6]。Ditiu[7]通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)燃室的結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)現(xiàn)了廢氣、燃油與空氣分層分布的3分層系統(tǒng),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該內(nèi)燃機(jī)可以在較高的EGR率下持續(xù)穩(wěn)定工作,且大幅降低排放物。……