基于生態可持續的藤類作物智能收種農機設計

摘要：經過對現階段中國北方農業地區藤類作物種植區種植生態計劃的梳理和分析，以該區域內農機功能適應性情況研究作為切入點，并借農業機械模塊化設計來應對該區域農業生態可持續的復雜性要求。首先，運用桌面調研的方法分析了現階段農業發展狀況；其次，通過SWOT分析等方法分析現階段暢銷農機設計優缺點；再次，借助用戶訪談等方法定位設計；接著建立服務系統藍圖、原型建立論證其實用性；最后，在設計反思后完成了智能收種農機的設計推演。完成實地測試后得到三維裝備模型。通過農機的 “智能播種及收獲”“秸稈回收預處理”等模塊的切換，證實產品可以對農田合理生態規劃，使該區域農業生態可持續的設計理念得以發展和呈現。

關鍵詞：智慧農機設計；生態平衡；可持續設計；模塊化思維；農機交互設計

中圖分類號：TB472 文獻標識碼：A

文章編號：1003-0069（2024）04-0136-05

Abstract：The objective is to take the study of the functional adaptability of agricultural machinery in the region as an entry point after the analysis of the planting ecological plan in the current stage of the agricultural region of northern China，and to respond to the complex requirements of sustainable agroecology in the region by means of the modular design of agricultural machinery.The method was to analyze the current stage of agricultural development by desktop research firstly；secondly，to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the current stage of agricultural machine design by SWOT analysis；to position the design by means of user interviews；then to proceed to build a prototype to prove its practicality；finally，to reflect on the design and completed the design projection of the intelligent harvesting and planting agricultural machine.3D equipment model after completion of field tests.Through the switching of modules such as \"intelligent sowing and harvesting\" and \"straw recycling and pre-treatment\" of the farm machine，it was confirmed that the product can make reasonable ecological planning of the farmland，so that the design concept of sustainable agriculture in the region can be developed and presented.

Keywords：Intelligent farm machinery design；Ecological balance；Sustainable design；Modular thinking；Interaction design for agricultural machinery

引言

2022年10月，黨的二十大報告中提出“全面推進鄉村振興”“堅持農業農村優先發展”等關鍵詞，反映出國家對于堅決推進農業發展的堅強決心。近5年中，農業發展腳步雖愈發加快，但生態化轉型不足、機械化農機購買量與使用量不匹配等的問題也隨之產生。在對現有農機產品的研究與分析中，發現因多數進口農機不能很好地適應中國農田的原因，經常出現農機使用方式與農機自身功能不匹配的情況。在農田收獲方面，廢棄作物根莖葉因數量巨大不能回收或者回收后不能利用形成污染等問題也使農機助力生態化轉型的概念也沒有得到良好的呈現。……