多數國家“家庭烹飪”方面的性別差距在重新擴大

楊奕威

A survey finds the gender gap in “home cooking” has widened， with women cooking more meals than men in nearly every country worldwide.

Women cooked just under nine meals per week， on average， in 2022. Men cooked about four per week. These are the results of an annual survey by Gallup and Cookpad， which tracks how often people prepare and eat home-cooked meals in countries around the globe.

When the survey began in 2018， traditional gender roles were well established， but during the pandemic years the survey results showed that men were cooking more. This narrowed the gender gap， explains Andrew Dugan， a research director at Gallup， who has worked on the survey since it began.

In 2022， women continued to cook at about the same frequency， but men started to cook less. On average， men cooked a little less than one fewer meal per week. “It’s the first year that the gap actually widened，” Dugan says， pointing out that the gap has gone back to its starting point in 2018. “What it might suggest is that the traditional gender roles are starting to reassert themselves，” Dugan says.

The gender gap varies by country. In the United States， women cook about two more meals per week on average， than men. In the meanwhile， the countries with the smallest gender differences in cooking are focused in Europe， including Spain， the UK， Switzerland， France， and Ireland. There’s only one country where men actually cook more than women. Wait for it... Italy. “This is a surprise，” Dugan says.

It’s not clear why Italy bucked （違背） the trend， or why the gender gap widened in all the other countries including the US. That got us thinking： How do you divide meal task in your household and who does the most？ Are there any tensions in your household about who makes dinner， and how did you resolve them？

（材料出自npr網站，有刪改）

1. What dose Gallup and Cookpad aim to do？

A. To investigate the frequency people eat at home.

B. To identify the gender gap between men and women.

C. To understand how often women cook.

D. To suggest how different men and women cook.

2. The underlined word “reassert” is closest in meaning to ______.

A. require B. rebuild C. review D. recognize

3. What is the Paragraph 4 mainly about？

A. The gender gap has been widening for several years.

B. Women started to cook more frequently than men.

C. The reason why men began to cook less than women.

D. The situation that the gender gap is gradually expanding.

4. The example of the US and Europe implies that ______.

A. women cook more meals than men averagely

B. European countries have the smallest gender gap

C. the gender gap from country to country is distinct

D. the gender gap between US and Europe is big

1. A。解析：細節理解題。根據題干關鍵詞“Gallup and Cookpad”定位至材料第二段第三句中的“tracks how often people prepare and eat home-cooked meals in countries around the globe”，我們可知它們致力于追蹤全球各國人民準備和吃家常飯菜的頻率，A選項符合材料意思。

2. B。解析：詞義猜測題。根據材料第四段中的“It’s the first year that the gap actually widened”和“the gap has gone back to its starting point in 2018”，我們可知2022年是“家庭烹飪”方面的性別差距擴大的第一年，并且這種差距正在回到2018年最初的模樣，這可能表明傳統的性別角色開始重新確立，B選項符合材料意思。

3. D。解析：段落主旨題。根據材料第四段第一句“In 2022， women continued to cook at about the same frequency， but men started to cook less”，我們可知2022年女性的做飯頻率幾乎不變，而男性做得越來越少，“家庭烹飪”方面的性別差距正在擴大，D選項符合材料意思。

4. C。解析：例證題。根據材料第五段第一句“The gender gap varies by country”，我們可知這是例子所證明的內容，即“性別差距因國家而異”，C選項符合材料意思。