





摘要 炎癥性腸病(IBD)是一種慢性遷延性消化道炎癥性疾病,需要長期隨訪觀察。腸道超聲(IUS)檢查簡便、無創、價廉,是IBD長期隨訪的理想手段,檢查和報告的規范化有利于IBD患者的管理。本專家建議旨在為我國IBD的IUS規范化檢查、超聲征象解讀和影像報告書寫提供指導意見。
關鍵詞 炎癥性腸病; 腸道超聲; 指導意見
Experts′ Suggestions on Standardization of Intestinal Ultrasound Examination and Reporting for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in China Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality Control Center of China; Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Chinese Medical Association; Abdominal Ultrasonography Group, Chinese Society of Ultrasonography, Chinese Medical Association
Correspondence to: CHEN Minhu, Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat?sen University, Guangzhou (510080), Email: chenminhu@mail.sysu.edu.cn; XIE Xiaoyan, Department of Medical Ultrasonics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat?sen University, Guangzhou (510080), Email: xiexyan@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, lifelong, and complex gastrointestinal inflammatory disease. Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is a simple, noninvasive, and low?cost technique that has been recommended as an ideal surveillance tool for long?term follow?up of IBD. Standardized examination and reporting for IUS can facilitate the management of patients with IBD. This experts′ suggestion aims to provide guidance on IUS examination, ultrasonic features interpretation, and report template for patients with IBD in China.
Key words Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Intestinal Ultrasound; Suggestion
炎癥性腸病(inflammatory bowel disease, IBD)包括克羅恩病(Crohn′s disease, CD)和潰瘍性結腸炎(ulcerative colitis, UC),臨床表型復雜,檢查手段多樣,患者需要反復接受病情評估和監測。腸道超聲(intestinal ultrasound, IUS)檢查因具有操作簡便、無創、價廉、無輻射、可實時動態觀察等優點而成為IBD長期隨訪的理想手段。IUS于1982年被首次報道用于IBD的診斷[1],相關系統綜述表明IUS診斷IBD的敏感性和特異性均較高,分別為85%和91%,對IBD腸道或腹腔并發癥的診斷準確性gt;80%,與CT小腸成像(CT enterography, CTE)和磁共振小腸成像(MR enterography, MRE)接近[2]。且超聲檢查對組織的分辨率高(0.1~1.0 mm),更有利于觀察腸道微細結構改變。歐洲超聲醫學和生物學聯合會(European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, EFSUMB)、歐洲克羅恩和結腸炎組織?歐洲胃腸道和腹部放射學會(European Crohn′s and Colitis Organization?European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology, ECCO?ESGAR)、世界超聲醫學和生物學聯合會(World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology, WFUMB)等多個國際學會制定的相關指南均將IUS列為IBD的一線診斷手段之一[3?5]。
經腹部IUS的不足之處在于肥胖患者因腹部脂肪厚導致聲波穿透性較差,以及對盆腔位置較深的小腸顯示效果劣于CTE和MRE。此外,IUS的診斷準確性還依賴于操作者的檢查經驗,限制了IUS的臨床應用。因此,對IUS適用人群的選擇、檢查技術、報告規范等方面的認識亟須統一。為了指導我國IBD臨床工作者更好地使用IUS,該領域專家通過系統回顧國內外文獻、客觀分析相關研究數據、結合臨床經驗并基于我國IBD患者的特點,達成統一意見并制定本專家建議,供國內同行參考。……