信息化建設對城市碳減排的影響

[摘 要：文章以中國地級市為研究對象，借助“兩化融合”試驗區的準自然實驗，利用雙重差分模型考察了信息化建設的碳減排效應及其內在機制，并基于環境庫茲涅茨曲線實證檢驗了信息化建設對經濟高質量發展的影響。研究發現：信息化建設顯著降低了城市碳排放強度，且該效應在政府環保支出較少和環境規制力度較弱的地區更明顯；機制分析表明，信息化建設主要通過提高綠色創新水平和促進產業結構轉型升級來降低城市碳排放強度；進一步檢驗發現，信息化建設能夠顯著加速環境庫茲涅茨曲線拐點的到來，驗證了信息化建設對經濟高質量發展的作用效果。研究結論不僅拓展了信息化建設在破解經濟發展與環境治理失衡中的重要作用，也為進一步加速新型數字基礎設施建設提供了經驗證據。

關鍵詞：信息化建設；“兩化融合”試驗區；碳排放強度；經濟高質量發展

中圖分類號：F49；F124.5；X32" " " 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1007-5097（2023）07-0059-11 ]

Abstract：Taking prefecture-level city in China as the research object，this paper uses the quasi natural experiment of the “integration of informatization and industrialization” pilot zone to investigate the carbon emission reduction effect of informatization construction and its internal mechanism using the DID model， and empirically tests the impact of informatization construction on high-quality economic development based on the environmental Kuznets curve. Research has found that information technology construction significantly reduces the intensity of urban carbon emissions，and this effect is more pronounced in areas where government environmental spending is low and environmental regulations are weak；mechanism analysis shows that information technology construction mainly reduces the intensity of urban carbon emissions by improving the level of green innovation and promoting the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure；further tests has found that informatization construction can significantly accelerate the arrival of the inflection point of the environmental Kuznets curve，which verifies the effect of informatization construction on high-quality economic development. The research conclusions not only expand the important role of informatization construction in solving the imbalance between economic development and environmental governance，but also provide empirical evidence for further accelerating the construction of new digital infrastructure.

Key words：information construction；pilot zones of Integration of “Informatization and Industrialization”；carbon emission intensity；high-quality economic development

一、引言與文獻綜述

黨的二十大報告指出，要“推動綠色發展，促進人與自然和諧共生”。全球氣候持續變暖導致的極端天氣，已經對人類賴以生存和發展的自然生態系統造成了嚴重威脅。根據世界氣象組織發布的《2021年全球氣候狀況》報告，2020年，全球地表平均CO2濃度達到413.2±0.2ppm，相較工業化前（1750年前，278ppm）增長49%，預計到21世紀末全球平均氣溫還將持續升高。為減緩氣候變化對人類經濟社會可持續發展造成的沖擊，世界各國逐漸形成限溫控碳、綠色減排的共識。……