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關鍵詞: 超高壓空氣;氣動特性分析;空氣亥姆霍茲狀態方程;熱力學參數;輸運物性參數
中圖分類號: V211.3" " " " 文獻標志碼: A
doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1248.2023.02.003
Thermal properties calculation of hyper-high pressure air
CHEN Kui-da1, XU Rang-shu1, SUN Dan1, XU Long2
(1. College of Aero Engine, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136,China;
2. CNPC Jichai Power Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250300,China)
Abstract: In order to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of hypersonic wind tunnel components, the air Helmholtz energy equation of state and transport physical property equations of air were used to calculate the thermal physical property parameters of air under hyper-high pressure conditions. The relative error values were obtained by comparing the calculated results with experimental data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database. The results show that the error of the air thermal property parameters obtained from the Helmholtz energy equation of state and the transport physical property equations is smaller than the NIST standard experimental data, which can be applied to the calculation of air thermal property under hyper-high pressure.
Key words: hyper-high pressure air;aerodynamic characteristic analysis;air Helmholtz energy equation of state;thermodynamic parameters;transport properties parameters
近年來,隨著高超聲速飛行器的興起,對高超聲速風洞的研制提出更多需求和更高的指標[1]。高超聲速風洞的超高壓驅動系統通過加壓裝置和噴管向風洞提供達到超高壓狀態的工作介質。由于需要模擬高超聲速飛行時的氣動情況和熱力學條件,驅動氣源往往具有很高的總溫。在超高壓和高溫條件下,空氣的熱力學特性與理想狀態下有較大的偏差,空氣狀態遠遠偏離理想氣體方程,熱力學參數也與量熱完全氣體偏離,具有明顯的實際氣體特征。在常溫范圍和200~300 MPa的壓力下,空氣的壓縮性因子可以達到3~4,在更大范圍溫度和壓力下空氣的壓縮性因子如圖1所示。
以往氣動特性分析領域的研究大多采用范德瓦爾斯方程、Redlich-Kwong方程和Span方程作為氣體的狀態方程[2]。其適用條件僅為常壓和高壓,無法滿足超高壓工況計算的要求。目前,超高壓領域的相關研究大多關注氮氣、氬氣、氙氣等穩定氣體在超高壓工況下的熱力學參數計算[3-5],在一定程度上,其研究的方法和思路也為空氣的熱物性研究提供參考。……