轉化生長因子β誘導蛋白與胰腺癌的研究進展

張浩　劉林勛　趙占學　潘洪帥　武金都　候曉凡　霍崢

【摘要】 胰腺癌（pancreatic cancer）是一種高度惡性的腫瘤，因起病隱匿，早期常無明顯的癥狀及體征，常難被臨床醫生發現，且在大多數患者確診時，往往早已發現遠處臟器的轉移，因而錯失了最好手術時間，且常規化療、放療效果不佳，導致其預后極差。胰腺癌腫瘤微環境（tumor microenvironment，TME）包含癌癥細胞、免疫細胞、基質細胞、細胞外基質以及其中的多種可溶性分子。并且在胰腺癌的細胞外基質中存在一些結合點，可以與微環境中的細胞因子進行相互結合，通過調節微小血管生成，抑制化療藥物和促進腫瘤轉移等方式，使得腫瘤微環境朝著有利于癌癥細胞生長的方向發展。隨著腫瘤相關微環境研究的不斷進展，轉化生長因子β誘導蛋白（βig-H3）作為一種細胞外基質蛋白，其在腫瘤組織中發揮的作用受到了研究者們的廣泛關注。本文擬對近年來在βig-H3的結構功能、其在胰腺癌中的表達作用以及參與胰腺癌免疫抑制機制等方面的相關研究進展進行綜述。

【關鍵詞】 胰腺癌 腫瘤微環境 轉化生長因子β誘導蛋白 免疫抑制

Research Progress of Transforming Growth Factor β Inducible Protein and Pancreatic Cancer/ZHANG Hao， LIU Linxun， ZHAO Zhanxue， PAN Hongshuai， WU Jindu， HOU Xiaofan， HUO Zheng. //Medical Innovation of China， 2022， 19（18）： -172

[Abstract] Pancreatic cancer （pancreatic cancer） is a highly malignant tumor， which is often difficult to be detected by clinicians because of its concealed onset and no obvious symptoms and signs in the early stage， and the metastasis of distant organs is often found in most patients when they are diagnosed， so the best operation time is missed， and the effect of routine chemotherapy and radiotherapy is poor， resulting in a very poor prognosis. Pancreatic cancer tumor microenvironment （tumor microenvironment， TME） consists of cancer cells， immune cells， stromal cells， extracellular matrix and a variety of soluble molecules. And there are some binding sites in the extracellular matrix of pancreatic cancer， which can combine with cytokines in the microenvironment by regulating microangiogenesis， inhibiting chemotherapeutic drugs and promoting tumor metastasis， make the tumor microenvironment develop in a direction conducive to the growth of cancer cells. With the continuous progress of tumor-related microenvironment research， transforming growth factor β inducible protein （βig-H3）， as a kind of extracellular matrix protein， its role in tumor tissue has been widely concerned by researchers. This article reviews the recent research progress on the structure and function of βig-H3， its expression in pancreatic cancer and its involvement in the mechanism of immunosuppression in pancreatic cancer.

[Key words] Pancreatic cancer Tumor microenvironment Transforming growth factor β inducible protein Immunosuppression

First-author’s address： Qinghai University， Xining 810016， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2022.18.041

胰腺癌（pancreatic cancer）是世界上預后最差的癌癥之一，根據2018年最新的全球癌癥統計，胰腺癌占全球新發癌癥的2.5%，死亡率占所有癌癥死亡的4.5%[1]。其致死率與發病率幾乎一致，5年總生存率僅約9%[2]。胰腺癌的高轉移率、化療敏感低、高死亡率一直是困擾醫學界的難題。胰腺癌的腫瘤異質性、間質纖維化以及免疫抑制性微環境是其致死率高的主要原因?！?br>