乙酰半胱氨酸霧化治療兒童肺炎的效果及安全性分析

徐莎

[關(guān)鍵詞] 乙酰半胱氨酸;霧化吸入;兒童肺炎;臨床癥狀;炎癥因子;不良反應(yīng)

[中圖分類號(hào)] R725.6? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701（2021）19-0071-04

Efficacy and safety analysis of acetylcysteine atomization in treating pneumonia in children

XU Sha

Department of Pediatrics， the People′s Hospital of Liaoning Province， Shenyang? ?110000， China

[Abstract] Objective To study the efficacy and safety of acetylcysteine atomization inhalation in the treatment of pneumonia in children. Methods A total of 152 children with pneumonia diagnosed and treated in our hospital from October 2019 to July 2020 were selected as subjects. They were randomly divided into the control group（conventional comprehensive treatment） and the experimental group （conventional comprehensive treatment+acetylcysteine atomization inhalation）. The total effective rate， relief time of clinical symptom， hospitalization time， inflammatory factor （CRP， PCT and WBC count） level and adverse reaction incidence rate of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate was higher in the experimental group （97.37%） than that in the control group （88.16%） （P<0.05）. The relief time of clinical symptoms [cough： （4.37±0.65） d， fever： （2.01±0.34） d， shortness of breath： （2.95±0.43） d， and pulmonary rales： （5.11±0.87） d] and hospitalization time [（5.49±1.18） d] were both shorter in the experimental group than those in the control group [（6.02±0.87） d， （2.69±0.51） d， （3.54±0.56） d， （6.84±1.03） d， （6.67±1.32） d] （P<0.05）. The number of inflammatory factors （CRP， PCT and WBC） in the experimental group were （4.3±0.8） mg/L， （0.032±0.005） g/L， （7.48±0.77） ×109/L， respectively， which were lower than those in the control group [（6.0±1.1） mg/L， （0.085±0.009） g/L， （8.63±1.05） ×109/L， respectively] （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 3.96% in the experimental group， slightly lower than that in the control group （6.58%）， with no significant difference between the groups （P>0.05）. Conclusion The application of acetylcysteine atomization inhalation therapy is helpful to relieve clinical symptoms， reduce inflammatory reaction of children′s pneumonia， with higher safety.

[Key words] Acetylcysteine; Atomization inhalation; Pneumonia in children; Clinical symptoms; Inflammatory factors; Adverse reaction

肺炎是兒童期的常見病、多發(fā)病，是導(dǎo)致兒童死亡、影響兒童健康成長的重要疾病之一[1]。兒童肺炎病情進(jìn)展快，極易發(fā)展成重癥肺炎，增加治療難度，并誘發(fā)肺外并發(fā)癥，危及生命安全。目前臨床上對(duì)于兒童肺炎的治療以抗菌藥物、抗病毒藥物為主，但是不宜長期應(yīng)用，以免對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)、血液系統(tǒng)等造成損傷[2-3]。近年來不少學(xué)者提出“內(nèi)病外治”的觀點(diǎn)，建議應(yīng)用霧化吸入治療兒童肺炎，達(dá)到滿意的治療效果，又能減少不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生。霧化吸入治療是治療呼吸道疾病的有效方法，藥物經(jīng)霧化后直接到達(dá)終末支氣管、肺泡，發(fā)揮藥物療效[4]。乙酰半胱氨酸是一種黏液溶解劑，其能促進(jìn)肺炎患兒痰液的溶解排出，改善咳嗽、氣促等癥狀，同時(shí)該藥又是一種富含巰基的抗氧化劑，能減輕組織細(xì)胞損傷。本院發(fā)現(xiàn)乙酰半胱氨酸霧化吸入在兒童肺炎治療中能促進(jìn)臨床癥狀緩解，縮短住院時(shí)間，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。