王延平 王濤

摘要:在學(xué)習(xí)活動觀指引下開展高中英語閱讀教學(xué)是英語課程改革的發(fā)展趨勢,本文以人教版M1 Unit 2 The road to modern English Reading 1部分為例,探索如何在高中英語閱讀課中進(jìn)行有效的學(xué)習(xí)活動的實踐。
關(guān)鍵詞:英語學(xué)習(xí)活動觀;英語閱讀教學(xué)
中圖分類號:G633.41 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A文章編號:1992-7711(2021)01-119
一、英語學(xué)習(xí)活動觀
《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2017年版)》的課程內(nèi)容包括“主題、語篇、語言技能、語言知識、文化知識、學(xué)習(xí)策略”六要素,而英語學(xué)習(xí)活動觀是六要素整合之后的具體體現(xiàn),它包括學(xué)習(xí)理解、應(yīng)用實踐、遷移創(chuàng)新等一系列體現(xiàn)綜合性、關(guān)聯(lián)性和實踐性等特點的英語學(xué)習(xí)活動。
本文以人教版模塊1 Unit 2 The road to modern English Reading 1部分為例,探索了在高中英語閱讀教學(xué)過程中貫徹英語學(xué)習(xí)活動觀的具體步驟。
二、教學(xué)案例
1.教學(xué)目標(biāo)
通過本課的學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能夠:
(1)預(yù)測主旨大意,獲取文本的體裁、結(jié)構(gòu)等事實信息;
(2)掌握與歷史相關(guān)文本的閱讀策略;
(3)分析美式英語更加流行的深層次原因;
(4)通過小組合作,展開辯論,增強文化自信。
2.教學(xué)重難點
(1)對文本的深層理解;
(2)獲取文本信息的閱讀策略。
3.教學(xué)資源
教材,多媒體課件
4.教學(xué)過程
Step 1 Lead-in & prediction:
Take British English and American English for example based on a dialogue between Donald John Trump and Boris Johnson to introduce the topic of the passage: The road to modern English. In the title, what does the word— “road” mean?(The development of modern English.)
設(shè)計意圖:利用對話,創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,激活學(xué)生已有的知識和經(jīng)驗,引出主題,開展學(xué)習(xí)理解類活動。
Step 2 Skimming
Help students find out the topic sentence of each paragraph. Based on them, it turns out that the prediction is correct. Then finish the following exercises:
1. The writing style of the article is a(n) .
A. narration(記敘文) B. exposition(說明文)
C. argumentation (議論文)
2. The text is developed mainly by .
A. place B. time C. people
(Suggested answer:1. B 2. B)
Reading strategy
How to read a history article?
When you read a history article, you will notice dates and years in the text, e.g.“the 16th century” and “AD 450”. Recognizing these details will help you understand the order of events and how pieces of information relate to the rest of the text, so it is a good idea to make a time chart, listing important information, such as times, places and events in the article.
設(shè)計意圖:在獲取與梳理文本信息的基礎(chǔ)上,預(yù)測、概括、核對文章大意,了解文本體裁、寫作手法及閱讀策略,開展學(xué)習(xí)理解類活動。
Step 3 Scanning:
設(shè)計意圖: 通過掃讀,運用閱讀策略,了解文本結(jié)構(gòu),開展學(xué)習(xí)理解類活動。
Step 4 Discussion (pair work)
All types of English originated from (起源于) the English spoken in England. However, American English has now replaced British English and become more popular, why?
[Suggested answer: This is mostly because of the influence (影響) of the United States through the cinema, music, technology and trade, which shows its international position and comprehensive (全面的) national strength.]
設(shè)計意圖:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生圍繞主題開展描述、闡釋、分析,提升至高級思維,逐步實現(xiàn)對語言知識和文化知識的內(nèi)化,進(jìn)行應(yīng)用實踐類活動的探索。
Step 5 A debate(辯論) (group work)
Will Chinese become an international language like English?
List the reasons (at least 2).
1. Our class will be divided into two groups:
Group 1 argues that Chinese will become an international language like English; Group 2 represents (代表) the opposite (相反的) opinion.
2. Discuss in groups of four—one reporter, one writer and the other two offering ideas.
設(shè)計意圖:辯論作為遷移創(chuàng)新類活動開展的有效手段,教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過自主、合作、探究的學(xué)習(xí)方式,綜合運用語言技能,進(jìn)行多元思維,理性表達(dá)觀點、情感和態(tài)度,體現(xiàn)正確的價值觀,實現(xiàn)深度學(xué)習(xí),促進(jìn)能力向素養(yǎng)的轉(zhuǎn)化。
Step 6 Summary
There is no doubt that Chinese will become an international language like English.
First, Chinese culture is full of magic and legends(傳說). Second, Chinese is spoken by the largest population in the world. Third, China has surprising economic strength and potential (潛力). Last but not least, more enterprises(企業(yè)) are eager to enter Chinese market and free themselves from the influence of COVID-19 (新冠肺炎).
Thus, on a personal note, there is no debating that Chinese will gain more popularity all over the world. As a Chinese, we should be proud of our mother tongue; as a Chinese we should be confident about our culture; as a Chinese, we should firmly believe that China will have a brighter future!
設(shè)計意圖:教師因勢利導(dǎo),激發(fā)學(xué)生的愛國熱情、民族自豪感,增強文化自信,這也是貫徹立德樹人課程總目標(biāo)的具體體現(xiàn)。
Step 7 Homework:
1. Finish the mind map of the extended reading;
2. Write a letter to your British pen-pal, Tom, telling him the development of Chinese characters. (Write 100 words based on the mind-map.)
設(shè)計意圖:課后作業(yè)是課堂教學(xué)的延伸。學(xué)生在進(jìn)一步了解英語語言文化的同時,有必要加深對母語的理解,從而繼承、發(fā)揚和傳播中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化。
三、落實英語學(xué)習(xí)活動觀的建議
1.基于學(xué)習(xí)活動觀的理念跟進(jìn)。
教師應(yīng)從“單一的學(xué)習(xí)活動觀”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤傲卣系膶W(xué)習(xí)活動觀”,從理論和實踐角度開展學(xué)習(xí)與實踐。
2.基于學(xué)習(xí)活動觀的課堂教學(xué)。
英語教師應(yīng)在自己的課堂中積極實踐學(xué)習(xí)活動觀。在現(xiàn)有教材的基礎(chǔ)上,以六要素中的某個要素為主線,通過改變教學(xué)活動的設(shè)計,充分將課程內(nèi)容的六要素進(jìn)行融合,將學(xué)習(xí)活動觀的理念落到實處。
閱讀教學(xué)中,教師可以以六要素的“主題語境”為主線,通過設(shè)計綜合性的教學(xué)活動,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生改變對閱讀文本的態(tài)度,對文本進(jìn)行深度挖掘與延伸,將閱讀作為完成其他任務(wù)的基礎(chǔ),意識到閱讀材料與生活的關(guān)系。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1]邱鈴珊.例談高中英語課堂中實踐英語學(xué)習(xí)活動觀[J].新課程下旬,2018(09).
[2]葛春生.英語學(xué)習(xí)活動觀與高中生思維發(fā)展的實踐與探究[C].2019高中骨干教師英語專題選學(xué),2019(09).
(作者單位:江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江中學(xué),江蘇 鎮(zhèn)江212000)