灌木叢葡萄酒農場

Cndv風景園林事務所

1 總平面圖Master plan

Bosjes（荷蘭語，譯為“灌木叢”）是一個位于南非西開普省Breede山谷山麓處的精品葡萄酒農場。這里夏季氣候炎熱，冬季多雨，水源充足。地理上獨具特色的水源條件給景觀設計帶來了豐富的靈感。客戶要求創造以本地樹種及其他鄉土植物為主的景觀，同時能夠隱晦地表達其與歷史、《圣經》之間的密切關聯。參考的《圣經》篇章包括《蔥郁花園——伊甸園》（Lush Garden: Garden of Eden），《水花園——紅海之別》（Water Garden:Parting of the Red Sea），《干山——西奈山》（Dry Mountain: Mount Sinai），《綠洲——巴比倫空中花園》（Oasis: Hanging Gardens of Babylon）以及《燃燒的灌叢》（Burning Bush）和《石生水》（Water from a Stone）。

設計師在整個花園中設計了各種互相關聯且獨具特色的“房間”（rooms），每一個房間旨在喚起使用者在探索、體驗與思考時的不同情感。標志性的小教堂與一個現存的歷史墓地相連，通過設計一個強烈的軸線，穿過葡萄園，與原始的Bosjes莊園住宅相連。利用場地現狀水，創造反射景觀并起到降溫作用，也可以循環重復利用。同時，水作為一個隱秘的連接元素，連接不同場地，產生不同的景觀體驗。寬闊的水池倒映出標志性教堂，4條溪流連接了“郁蔥花園”中心的蘋果樹。在“水花園”后是一個沿著人造高山——“干山”螺旋向上的冥想通道，游客沿著通道向上走，可以360°全方位地看到遠處的高山與山谷，并在游覽路線盡頭體驗下沉的綠色茶園“綠洲”。

2 被新景觀所環繞的標志性Bosjes小教堂，前景是寬闊的反射水池The iconic Bosjes Chapel, anchored by the new landscape, with the expansive reflection pond in the foreground

在施工開始前，設計師對現場進行了植物調查與治理工作，對一些該地區特有的植物進行了繁育與再引種。并對《圣經》中出現的植物進行了研究與特別繁育。種植前已在苗圃預訂并養護了540棵樹，其中有126株成熟的帶果橄欖樹，提高了供農場使用和銷售的油料橄欖的收成；其他果樹包括無花果、杏樹、柑橘和石榴，這些樹木以及其他圣經中提及的樹種，如柳樹、柏樹、酸刺樹以及許多本地樹種，均有助于緩解惡劣的氣候。

通過對現有地形的大面積切割與填充，在原本平坦的景觀中創造趣味。在小教堂下方空間建造了一個地下室以容納用于各個水體景觀的服務設備，如大型水泵和過濾系統等。建造過程中產生的建筑垃圾被用于建造“干山”，節省了清理現場材料所需的高昂成本。

硬質景觀使用了自然素材以及當地建筑材料，其表面線條清晰而整潔，并具有開普省傳統的空間造景特色，包括白色水洗墻與藍色板巖，以及處理成與周邊山體背景顏色相稱的特殊包裝的奧弗伯格石（Overberg Stone）。設計師也謹慎設計了綜合的景觀照明系統，燈光、陰影和水中的倒影相結合，為郁郁蔥蔥的景觀增加了新的觀景視角，并帶來難忘的夜間游覽體驗。設計師專門設計并定制了一套以天然木材和陽極氧化鋁為材料的景觀構筑物與標牌。

設計中采用多種有意義的干預措施，以期能滿足殘疾用戶的使用需求，包括了貫穿游覽全程的輪椅路徑、方便通行的寬闊道路、融合了不同材質的觸覺體驗設計、芳香植物的運用以及信息豐富的盲文指示牌。

（編輯/王亞鶯）

專業團隊分工：

景觀設計：Cndv風景園林事務所

建筑設計：Steyn工作室（英國）

建筑設計（技術）：TV3建筑師與規劃師事務所（南非）

結構工程師：Henry Fagan & Partners

土木工程師：BVi工程咨詢

機電工程師：Solution Station

造價工程師：De Leeuw

遺產顧問：Graham Jacobs，Elzet Albertyn，Lize Malan

攝影與圖片： 圖1、3 ? Cndv風景園林事務所；圖2 ?Sean Thompson Photography；圖4～6 ?Vantage Point；圖7～8 ? Coco van Oppens Photography

翻譯：朱藝寧

校對：顧驤

Cndv風景園林事務所位于南非開普省，致力于在景觀、工業以及產品設計領域創造卓越的創新設計，已成立31年。其負責農場的所有外部設計，其中Tanya de Villiers負責概念規劃布局，Herman de Lange負責設計并完成項目。

3 鳥瞰：以雄偉山脈為背景的小教堂周邊景觀Aerial view of the Chapel landscape with the majestic mountain backdrop

4 鳥瞰：從“干山”頂部拍攝，展現了包括“郁蔥花園”以及“水花園”等不同景觀“房間”的獨特性Aerial view, taken from the top of the “Dry Mountain”, showing the different and unique landscape “rooms” to including the “Lush Garden” and “Water Garden”

5 鳥瞰：小教堂花園及反射水池與毗鄰的“郁蔥花園”，溪流匯聚到位于焦點的蘋果樹處Aerial view of the Chapel garden and reflection pond with the adjacent “Lush Garden”. Streams converge at the focal apple tree

Bosjes is a boutique wine farm on the foothills of majestic mountains, in the Breede Valley,Western Cape, South Africa. The climate is harsh and hot in summer with rainy winters. The farm is blessed with ample water. It is this geographically unique water source that inspired much of the landscape design. The Client’s brief was to create a landscape using predominantly indigenous tree and plant species with strong but understated ties to historical- and biblical references. Biblical references used, were theGarden of Eden,Parting of the Red Sea,Mount Sinai,Hanging Gardensof Babylon as well as theBurning BushandWater from a Stone.

6 鳥瞰：下沉的“綠洲”花園配有茶室，是一個多功能草坪。滴水的墻壁令人想起巴比倫空中花園Aerial view of the sunken “Oasis” garden with tea room which is a function lawn. The dripping wall is reminiscent of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon

The Landscape Architects designed the various interconnected and distinctive landscape“rooms” within the overall garden, each to evoke varying emotions in the user whilst exploring,experiencing and contemplating. The iconic Chapel connects to an existing historic graveyard and via a strong axis through vineyards to the original Bosjes Manor House. Water, which is sourced on site and re-used, is purposed for reflection, evaporative cooling effect and as a sacred linking element between experiences. An expansive pool reflects the iconic Chapel and four streams link to the central apple tree in the “Lush Garden”. The wet vertical walls of the “Water Garden” is followed by a meditative spiral walk up the high man-made“Dry Mountain” leading one to 360 degree views of the mountains and valley in the distance, with the visitors’ experience terminating in the sunken green “Oasis” tea garden with vegetated dripping stonework.

An on-site plant search and rescue operation was conducted prior to the commencement of construction with several plant species, endemic to the area, being propagated and re-introduced as part of the overall plant palette. Biblical plants had to be researched and specially propagated for the project.A total of 540 trees were pre-booked and maintained by the nursery until the site was ready for the commencement of planting. 126 mature fruit bearing Olive trees were planted, adding to the harvest of olives for the production of oil for use and sale at the farm. Other fruit bearing trees include figs, almonds,honey locusts, citrus and pomegranates. These trees, along with other tree species (trees mentioned in biblical text) such as willows, cypresses, thorn trees and many indigenous trees species assist with ameliorating the harsh climate.

7 以雄偉山脈為背景的“蔥郁花園”，其內種植著圣經特別提及的植物The “Lush Garden”, seen against the backdrop of majestic mountains, contains plants specifically noted in Biblical texts

8 “水花園”巧妙地描繪了“紅海之別”，紙莎草的種植參考了摩西的故事The “Water Garden” subtly depicts the Parting of the Red Sea. Papyrus planting references the tale of Moses

The existing topography was manipulated through extensive cutting and filling to create interest in the otherwise flat landscape. A portion of the material excavated to create a basement level under the Chapel to house services such as the extensive pump and filtration systems for all water elements,was used to create the “Dry Mountain”, rather than removing the material from site at great cost.

Hard landscape surfaces have clean uncluttered lines using natural and locally sourced materials in the classic tradition of Cape rural place-making and include white-washed walls combined with blue slate and packed Overberg stone that were specifically sourced to match the colours of the surrounding mountain backdrop.Discreet and integrated landscape lighting design adds a new dimension to the landscape and a memorable night-time experience. The combination of landscape lighting and the play of shadows as well as reflections in the water features add another dimension to the lush landscape. A bespoke set of landscape elements and signage was purpose-designed for the development by the Landscape Architects, using natural timber and anodised aluminium.

Disabled users are especially catered for through meaningful design interventions to include,wheelchair access throughout, wide pathways with easily trafficable surfaces, the incorporation of varying textures for a tactile experience, scented planting and informative braille plaques.

Professional Team Credits:

Landscape Architect:Cndv Landscape Architects

Architect:Steyn Studio (United Kingdom)

Architect (Technical):TV3 Architects & Planners (South Africa)

Structural Engineer:Henry Fagan & Partners

Civil Engineers: BVi Consulting Engineers

Mechanical & Electrical Engineers:Solution Station

Quantity Surveyor: De Leeuw

Heritage Consultants:Graham Jacobs, Elzet Albertyn, Lize Malan

Photograph / Image Credits:Fig. 1, 3 ? Cndv Landscape Architects; Fig. 2 ? Sean Thompson Photography; Fig. 4-6 ?Vantage Point; Fig. 7-8 ? Coco van Oppens Photography

Translator:ZHU Yining

Proofreader:GU Xiang

(Editor / WANG Yaying)

Cndv Landscape Architects is a vibrant Cape Town(South Africa) based firm committed to innovative design excellence in the fields of landscape architecture,industrial and product design. The firm has a 31 year track record in the industry. Cndv Landscape Architects were responsible for all the external design, with Tanya de Villiers conceptualising the layout and Herman de Lange developing the design and taking the project to completion.