于軍琪 葉子雁 趙安軍 李若琳 余紫瑞



摘? 要: 針對城鎮住宅家庭設備等用能的特點,建立一種包含多種可調度負載的家庭用能模型。以最小用戶電力成本和最小負荷峰均比為優化目標,提出一種日前優化調度策略,并采用一種改進的細菌覓食優化算法進行求解。考慮用戶臨時需求變化對日前優化調度結果的影響,提出一種對短時間內的用能安排進行重新調度的實時優化調度策略,并引入0-1背包問題和動態規劃方程對上述問題進行求解。算例結果驗證了所提策略和改進算法的有效性。
關鍵詞: 家庭能量管理;多目標優化;日前調度;細菌覓食算法;實時調度
中圖分類號: TM73? ? 文獻標識碼: A? ? DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6970.2020.10.015
本文著錄格式:于軍琪,葉子雁,趙安軍,等. 基于GA-BFO的城鎮住宅家庭用能多目標優化調度策略[J]. 軟件,2020,41(10):5965
【Abstract】: Aiming at the characteristics of energy consumption of urban residential household equipment, a model of household energy containing multiple schedulable loads is established in this paper. Taking the minimum user electricity cost and minimum load peak-to-average ratio as optimization goals, a day-ahead optimization scheduling strategy is proposed. An improved bacterial foraging optimization algorithm was proposed and applied to the optimization scheduling problem. Considering the impact of the user's temporary demand changes on the results of the day-ahead optimized scheduling, a real-time optimization scheduling strategy for rescheduling energy within a short period of time is proposed. And 0-1 knapsack problem and dynamic programming equation are introduced to solve the above problem. The results of the calculation example verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy and the improved algorithm.
【Key words】: Home energy management; Multi-objective optimization; Day-ahead scheduling; Bacterial foraging algorithm; Real-time scheduling
0? 引言
近年來,隨著可再生能源發電的接入及需求側不規則用電的增加,供電側的單側調節能力難以應對電網中復雜的波動性[1]。為了克服以上挑戰,智能電網亟需通過需求側管理(Demand Side Management,DSM)技術發揮需求側調節作用。傳統的DSM主要針對工商業等大型電力用戶展開[2],忽略了社會用電量中占比逐年攀升的城鄉居民生活用電。隨著智能電表等智能家居技術的應用,家庭能量管理系統(Home Energy Management System,HEMS)的概念正在發展[3]。在HEMS中,家庭的單向信息流變為雙向信息流,通過供需雙方的信息互動,用戶可以及時了解電網實時動態,在參與需求響應(Demand Response,DR)項目的同時合理安排用電方案和響應策略[4],對實現“削峰填谷”、提高用電效率、增加經濟效益等具有重要作用?!?br>