what 引導名詞性從句 用法淺析

曹忠旺

摘? 要：名詞性從句是指在復合句中起名詞作用的從句。它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞性從句是中學階段的一個重要語法項目，在歷年的高考中幾乎都涉及到，并且每年的命題各有變化。

關(guān)鍵詞：名詞性從句、表示、what

what 引導的名次性從句在高考中最容易出錯的內(nèi)容之一。現(xiàn)就what 引導的名次性從句歸納如下。

表示“……的東西或事情”“所…… 的”，相當于“the thing that ...;all that ...;everything that ...;anything that ...”

（1）Theyve done what they can do to help her.

（2）He saves what he earns.

（3）What Mary is is the secretary.

2. 表示“……的人或的樣子”（指抽象意義的人）相當于the person that;the one that

（1）He is no longer what he was.???????? 他已經(jīng)不是以前的那個樣子。

（2）He is what is generally called a traitor.???? 他就是人們通常所說的叛徒。

Who has made Fred ______ he is now？

3. 表示“……的數(shù)量或數(shù)目”，相當于the amount/number that

（1）Our income? now is double what it was ten years ago.

（2）The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation.

4. 表示“……的時間”，相當于the time that：

（1）After what seemed like hours he came out with? a bitter smile.

（2）The young girl was too frightened to speak，standing there for what seemed like hours.

5. 表示“……的地方”，相當于the place that

（1）This is what they call Salt Lake City.

（2）In 1492，Columbus reached ______ is now called America.

（3）Last year，they finally accomplished their wish in life，arriving at ______ was considered? sacred in Catholic religion.

歸納總結(jié)：當名詞性從句缺少主語、賓語、表語，而缺少的這個詞不是指具體的人時，要首先考慮what練習。

一、漢譯英

1. 關(guān)鍵的是你有沒有盡力去完成這個任務。

__________ matters is __________ you have tried to finish the task.

2. 令我驚異的是通過努力有這么多人打破了世界紀錄。

_______ surprised me is ________ so many people broke the world record with efforts.

3. 令我高興的是我一直夢想的學校，復旦大學錄取了我。

________ makes me happy is _______ I was admitted to Fudan University，________ I dreamed of.

4. 空氣之于人就如同水之于魚一樣重要。Air is to us _________ water is to fish.

5. 書和我的關(guān)系正如同水和植物的關(guān)系。

________ water is to the plant，________are books to me.

二、What/that的區(qū)別：

1.______ he wants is a book.

2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.

3. The result is ______ we won the game.

4. This is _____ we want to know.

5. Is _____ he told us true？

6. We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.

7. I have no doubt _____ he will come.

8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.

9._____ has made China_____ it is now？

10、______ you have done might do harm to other people.

11、_____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.

12、______ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.

13、______ you don't like him is none of my business.

14、The fact ____ he is a model teacher is well-known.

15、They expressed the hope____they would come over to China again.

答案：一、漢譯英：

1，What，that 2，what，that 3，what，that，which 4，what 5，what，as

三、填空

1，what 2，That 3，that? 4，what 5，what 6，what，7，that 8，that 9，What，what 10 what，11，what，what 12，what 13，That 14，that 15 that

參考文獻：

[1]倪春艷. what和that在名詞性從句中的語法功能分析[J]. 英語知識，2009（11）：37-38.

[2]周時菊. 淺談that與what在名詞從句中的用法[J]. 科學咨詢，2011，000（033）：147-147.