摘要:在農村宅基地流轉的過程中,地方政府由于內部組織激勵不足、外部監管不到位等,損害農戶利益、造成土地資源流失等問題層出不窮,政府行政職能邊界不清、權責不分不僅損害了政府公信力,急功近利的政績觀也損害了人民的利益。本文從地方政府行為失范的角度出發,分析了宅基地流轉中地方政府行為失范的生成機理與深層邏輯,并提出政府行為應當在宅基地流轉中充當引導者、監督者和服務者的角色,厘清自身的合理定位,才能真正維護農民利益,保障宅基地流轉健康發展。
Abstract: In the process of rural homesteads circulation, due to insufficient internal organizational incentives and inadequate external supervision, local governments have harmed the interests of farmers and caused the loss of land resources. The unclear boundaries of the government's administrative functions and the undifferentiated power and responsibility not only damage the government's credibility, but also damage the people's interests by eager for quick success and quick gains. From the perspective of local government behavior anomie, this article analyzes the generation mechanism and deep logic of local government behavior anomie in the transfer of homesteads, and proposes that government behaviors should act as guides, supervisors and service providers in the circulation of homesteads, and clarify their own reasonable positioning, in order to truly safeguard the interests of farmers and ensure the healthy development of the circulation of homesteads.
關鍵詞:宅基地流轉;地方政府;行為失范;行政職能
Key words: homestead circulation;local government;behavioral anomie;administrative function
中圖分類號:F321.1;D630 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號:1006-4311(2020)30-0242-04
1 ?概述
1.1 研究背景
近年來,隨著城鄉社會結構的變化和城鎮化進程的加快,我國農村人口大量向城市流動。農村人口的大量減少,致使數千萬畝的宅基地處于閑置、低效用狀態,而城市的快速發展,對土地的需求量又在不斷增加。一方面,農村宅基地低效利用的比重較高,另一方面,城鎮建設用地面臨土地資源剛性增長的約束,供需矛盾十分尖銳,亟待解決。宅基地有償流轉既可增加農民財產性收入,減少經濟負擔又可盤活農村建設用地存量、提高宅基地利用效率、改善農居條件和環境,為城鄉發展和建設騰挪空間。宅基地流轉中涉及各方利益,地方政府就是宅基地流轉過程中的相關利益主體之一。目前,囿于我國現行的法律法規不健全和相關制度的障礙及政府的職能邊界不清、權責不分等,致使宅基地流轉的過程中地方政府行為失范現象屢見不鮮。……