臨床路徑式教學法在肝膽外科護理帶教中的應用分析

秦爽

[摘要] 目的 研究分析肝膽外科臨床路徑式教學法在護理帶教中的應用效果。方法 對來該院2017年11月—2018年11月肝膽外科臨床實習實習生60名進行對比分析，隨機數字表法進行分組，每組30例。對照組以傳統教學方式帶教，觀察組開展臨床路徑教學法開展帶教工作，在帶教結束后對實習護生理論知識、實踐技能、案例分析進行考核，采用該院自制的滿意度問卷調查表對實習護生對帶教老師的滿意度進行打分，評價帶教效果。結果 觀察組實習護生的理論知識（92.66±2.33）分、實踐操作做（88.35±1.35）分、案例分析（91.08±3.11）分均高于對照組實習護生的理論知識（83.35±1.62）分、實踐操作做（73.00±1.81）分、案例分析（81.34±2.61）分（P<0.05）;觀察組實習護生對帶教老師的總滿意率96.7%與對照組實習護生對帶教老師的總滿意率76.7%（P<0.05）。結論 肝膽外科護理帶教開展臨床路徑教學，可有效提升實習護生的綜合水平，提高實習護生對帶教老師的滿意度，利于實習護生自主學習，具有較高的應用價值。

[關鍵詞] 臨床路徑式教學;肝膽外科;護理帶教;應用效果

[中圖分類號] R-4 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654（2020）06（a）-0128-03

[Abstract] Objective To study and analyze the application effect of clinical path teaching method of hepatobiliary surgery in nursing teaching. Methods A comparative analysis was made of 60 clinical internships in liver and gallbladder surgery from November 2017 to November 2018 in our hospital. Random number tables were used to group 30 cases in each group. The clinical path teaching method was used to carry out the teaching work. After the teaching was completed， the theoretical knowledge， practical skills， and case analysis of the internship nursing students will be evaluated. The satisfaction questionnaire created by the hospital will be used to evaluate the satisfaction of the internship nursing students with the teaching teachers. Scoring and evaluating teaching effect. Results The theoretical knowledge （92.66±2.33）points， practical practice （88.35±1.35）points， and case analysis （91.08±3.11）points of the observation group's internship nurses were higher than the theoretical knowledge （83.35±1.62）points of the internship nurses in the control group. Points， practical operations （73.00±1.81）points， case analysis （81.34±2.61）points （P<0.05）; the total satisfaction rate of the internship nurses in the observation group to the instructor was 96.7%， and that in the control group of the total satisfaction rate of teachers was 76.7%（P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical path teaching of hepatobiliary surgery nursing teaching can effectively improve the comprehensive level of internship nursing students， improve the satisfaction of internship nursing teachers， and is conducive to the independent learning of internship nursing students. It has higher application value.

[Key words] Clinical pathway teaching; Hepatobiliary surgery; Nursing teaching; Application effect

肝膽外科以肝臟、肝膽管結石、膽道惡性腫瘤、胰腺腫瘤、肝硬化等肝膽疾病治療的主要科室，在進行肝膽外科手術治療的患者中，手術操作較復雜，引流管數量和種類較多，均需要進行適當護理[1]。要求肝膽外科護理人員有深厚的理論知識和護理技巧，才能提高該科室護理效果[2]。護生實習是踏入臨床的主要環節，通過實習不斷提高對臨床處置能力，臨床路徑通過確定具體實踐，嚴格操作規程，使資源得到優化利用，從而提高優質護理服務[3]。臨床路徑教學為新型的臨床教學模式，教學優勢明顯被應用于臨床教學中，傳統帶教實踐和理論脫節，并且所涉及到的面較廣，增加了帶教老師的勞動強度。傳統帶教護生主要為打雜跑路，親自動手機會較少，導致護理知識和操作不全面。臨床路徑帶教方法規范了護理帶教的具體流程，并明確了規范化、標準化、程序化，提高了臨床教學的系統性，發揮臨床路徑教學優勢，有效彌補了傳統帶教方式的缺陷，從而有效提高臨床護理帶教質量，利于護生與帶教老師之間的溝通。臨床護理實習是護理專業教育中的關鍵步驟，同時也是提高護生綜合能力聯系實際的部分。在肝膽外科護理帶教中引入臨床路徑式教學模式，可結合肝膽外科教學特點，使教學方式和目標具體化，有效提高帶教質量。該次于2017年11月—2018年11月選取60名護理實習，研究分析肝膽外科臨床路徑式教學法在護理帶教中的應用效果，現報道如下。