高昊 陳芹葦
[摘 要] 以日本二手書(shū)店為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)介紹二手書(shū)店的概況、分類以及主要特征,重點(diǎn)探析以家庭為單位的傳統(tǒng)二手書(shū)店生存之道。從宏觀社會(huì)歷史層面看,二手書(shū)店肩負(fù)傳承文化的功能,日本人的閱讀習(xí)慣和回收習(xí)慣以及教育需求為二手書(shū)店提供生存條件;從經(jīng)營(yíng)策略來(lái)看,合理的定價(jià)成為其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì),利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)線上線下整合并積極開(kāi)拓海外市場(chǎng),為二手書(shū)店注入新的動(dòng)力。通過(guò)探析日本傳統(tǒng)二手書(shū)店立足于市場(chǎng)的原因,旨在為我國(guó)實(shí)體書(shū)店的生存與發(fā)展提供借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 日本 二手書(shū)店 出版業(yè) 經(jīng)營(yíng)策略 文化傳承
[中圖分類號(hào)] G235 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1009-5853 (2020) 03-0087-07
[Abstract] This essay takes second-hand bookstores as the research object by introducing its background, classification and main characteristics, whose focus is on the survival of traditional bookstores handed by family members. From a macro-historical perspective, such type of book shops bears Japanese culture heritage. Japanese reading and recycling habits and educational background determine the survival of second-hand bookstores. From a business strategy perspective, reasonable pricing has become their competitive advantage, utilizing the Internet integration both online and offline and actively exploring overseas market, which obviously stimulating the vitality. This essay aims to provide good example for the survival and development of physical bookstores in China by analyzing the traditional Japanese second-hand bookstores succeed.
[Key words] Japan Second-hand bookstores Publishing industry Business strategy Cultural heritage
1 引 言
作為世界出版大國(guó)之一的日本,在數(shù)字出版日益發(fā)展的今天,其實(shí)體書(shū)店仍具有一定規(guī)模。在諸多類型的實(shí)體書(shū)店中,日本的二手書(shū)店可謂是一道獨(dú)特的風(fēng)景線。日本二手書(shū)店不僅是日本二手市場(chǎng)蓬勃發(fā)展的象征,更是日本出版文化的一個(gè)縮影。日本二手書(shū)交易具有歷史淵源,自江戶時(shí)期印刷物在日本開(kāi)始流通之時(shí),日本的二手印刷物交易便已興起。從世界范圍來(lái)看,日本也較早加入世界古舊書(shū)商聯(lián)盟(International League of Antiquarian Booksellers,ILAB),其二手書(shū)尤其是古舊書(shū)行業(yè)在全球都占據(jù)重要位置。從二手書(shū)店的實(shí)際呈現(xiàn)樣態(tài)來(lái)看,在諸如東京、京都等大城市以規(guī)模化發(fā)展為主,在同一條街上甚至有上百家鱗次櫛比的書(shū)店。位于東京的神保町舊書(shū)店街就是日本二手書(shū)店規(guī)?;l(fā)展的一個(gè)典型,被稱為全球最大的書(shū)店街?!?br>