黎永華 陳嫦 李光宇 龐福梅 彭錫其


【摘要】 目的:探討新鮮冰凍血漿和冷沉淀聯合輸注對上消化道大出血患者凝血功能和免疫功能的影響。方法:選取2016年3月-2019年3月羅定市人民醫院92例上消化道大出血患者為研究對象,按隨機數字表法分為對照組和研究組,每組46例。對照組輸注同型新鮮冰凍血漿,研究組在對照組基礎上聯合冷沉淀足量輸注。比較兩組治療前后凝血功能和免疫功能,比較兩組治療效果。結果:治療前,兩組纖維蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶時間(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶時間(APTT)及凝血酶原時間(PT)比較,差異均無統計學意義(P>0.05);治療后,研究組FIB高于對照組,而TT、APTT和PT均低于對照組(P<0.05)。治療前,兩組CD8+、CD4+、CD3+及CD4+/CD8+比較,差異均無統計學意義(P>0.05);治療后,研究組CD8+低于對照組,而CD4+、CD3+及CD4+/CD8+均高于對照組(P<0.05);研究組治療總有效率(97.83%)高于對照組(82.61%),差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論:新鮮冰凍血漿與冷沉淀聯合輸注可有效改善消化道大出血患者凝血功能障礙和輸血所致的細胞免疫抑制,提高臨床治療效果。
【關鍵詞】 新鮮冰凍血漿 冷沉淀 消化道大出血 凝血功能 免疫功能
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effect of combined infusion of fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitation on coagulation and immune function in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Method: A total of 92 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in peoples hospital of Luoding from March 2016 to March 2019 were selected as the study objects. They were divided into control group and research group according to the random number table method, with 46 cases in each group. The control group was infused with fresh frozen plasma of the same blood group, and the research group was adequate infusion of cryoprecipitation on the basis of the control group. The coagulation function and immune function were compared, and the therapeutic efficiency of the two groups was compared. Result: There were no differences in fibrinogen (FIB), thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, FIB in the research group was higher than that in the control group, while TT, APTT and PT were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). There were no differences in CD8+, CD4+, CD3+ and CD4+/CD8+ between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, CD8+ in the research group was lower than that in the control group, while CD4+, CD3+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the research group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate (97.83%) in the research group was higher than that in the control group (82.61%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Fresh frozen plasma combined with cryoprecipitation can effectively improve coagulation dysfunction and cellular immune suppression caused by blood transfusion in patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and improve clinical therapeutic effect.[Key words] Fresh frozen plasma Cryoprecipitation Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage Coagulation function Immune functionFirst-authors address: Peoples Hospital of Luoding, Luoding 527200, China
研究認為,上消化道出血的病因之一可能在于患者免疫系統受損[19]。在輸血治療中,外源性紅細胞也有進一步誘發免疫抑制反應的可能。國外研究顯示,輸血治療后患者T淋巴細胞CD4+、CD3+、CD4+/CD8+和部分免疫球蛋白水平均顯著下降[20]。在本研究中,兩組輸血后CD8+出現不同程度升高,CD4+、CD3+和CD4+/CD8+均出現一定程度降低,但總的說來聯合新鮮冰凍血漿和冷沉淀的患者輸血后CD8+水平低于僅輸注新鮮冰凍血漿的患者,CD4+、CD3+和CD4+/CD8+高于僅輸注新鮮冰凍血漿的患者,提示聯合輸注可能發揮了協同作用,進而緩解輸血過程中的免疫抑制作用。與此同時,聯合輸注新鮮冰凍血漿和冷沉淀的患者臨床治療效果更好,筆者認為可能與新鮮冰凍血漿與冷沉淀聯合輸注能夠有效發揮協同效果,促進凝血功能的改善,緩解細胞免疫抑制,從而提高治療效果。
綜上所述,給予消化道大出血患者新鮮冰凍血漿與冷沉淀聯合應用能夠有效改善凝血功能,緩解細胞免疫抑制,臨床療效確切。
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(收稿日期:2019-11-28) (本文編輯:田婧)