謝賢林 陸宗達 李美增

摘? 要:作為核電機組二回路熱力系統(tǒng)的一部分,除氧器用于完成對主給水的除氧供給蒸汽發(fā)生器,并將給水加熱到飽和溫度,為主給水泵提供凈正吸入壓頭,控制除氧器的壓力具有非常重要的意義。在文章第一部分作者概述了除氧器的作用和熱力除氧的原理。第二部分首先介紹了方家山核電機組除氧器的基本情況及主給水除氧器系統(tǒng)的工作流程,緊接著根據(jù)方家山除氧器設計和實際運行情況,分別從啟停情況、低負荷情況、正常運行工況、汽機甩負荷、抽氣逆止閥試驗等五種工況詳細闡述了除氧器在不同工況下,控制除氧器壓力的信號來源、壓力控制機構及控制原理,對運行人員理解并掌握機組各類運行工況下除氧器壓力控制,保障機組安全經濟地運行有積極的幫助。
關鍵詞:除氧器;汽水循環(huán);壓力控制
中圖分類號:TK223.5+22 文獻標志碼:A? ? ? ? ?文章編號:2095-2945(2020)11-0135-02
Abstract: As a part of the second loop thermal system of the nuclear power unit, the deaerator is used to complete the deaeration supply steam generator to the main feed water, heat the feed water to the saturation temperature, and provide the net positive suction head of the main feed water pump. It is of great significance to control the pressure of the deaerator. In the first part of this paper, the author summarizes the function of deaerator and the principle of thermal deaeration. The second part first introduces the basic situation of the deaerator of Fangjiashan nuclear power unit and the work flow of the main feed water deaerator system, and then according to the design and actual operation of Fangjiashan deaerator, the deaerator under different operating conditions are described in detail from five operating conditions, such as start and stop, low load, normal operating conditions, turbine load rejection, exhaust check valve test, etc. The signal source, pressure control mechanism and control principle of controlling the deaerator pressure are of positive help to the operators to understand and master the deaerator pressure control under various operating conditions and to ensure the safe and economical operation of the unit.
Keywords: deaerator; steam-water cycle; pressure control
1 概述
1.1 除氧器簡介
二回路給水或凝結水中溶解氧含量過高會對系統(tǒng)設備造成腐蝕。在壓水堆核電廠中,需嚴格控制二回路水質以減少蒸汽發(fā)生器傳熱管破裂事故(SGTR)發(fā)生頻率,因此必須對二回路給水進行除氧,使核電廠二回路給水含氧量小于5ppb。
給水除氧分為化學除氧和熱力除氧兩類,化學除氧利用化學藥劑(例如通過SIR系統(tǒng)添加聯(lián)氨),使水中游離的氧形成化合物,它能達到較為徹底的除氧效果,但不能除去其他氣體。通常化學除氧和物理除氧相結合使用,已達到更好的除氧效果。……