藺敏



摘? 要:為了直觀地得知焊接過程中焊接電纜所產生的電磁場在空間中的分布情況,對工作中的直流弧焊機焊接電纜的工作原理進行分析,在ANSYS軟件中模擬焊接工作環境,取工作時的輸出電流(50A,200A),利用有限元法計算距焊接電纜不同位置的空間點的磁感應強度。在焊接過程中,輸出電流的變化,對焊接電纜所產生的磁場分布產生影響,磁感應強度與電流大小成正相關;距焊接電纜的距離決定著同一輸出電流時,該位置磁場強度的大小,空間場磁感應強度與距離呈負相關。利用ANSYS有限元分析方法,得到了焊接時焊接電纜所產生的空間電磁場分布特點;解決了僅依靠測量手段觀測空間場的有限個點的磁感應強度,但無法得知空間場的三維分布問題。
關鍵詞:ANSYS仿真;有限元法;焊接環境;空間磁場分布;磁感應強度
中圖分類號:TP391.9? ? ? ?文獻標志碼:A? ? ? ? ?文章編號:2095-2945(2020)11-0022-03
Abstract: In order to intuitively know the spatial distribution of the electromagnetic field generated by the welding cable during the welding process. Analyze the working principle of the welding cable of the DC arc welding machine at work, simulate the welding working environment in ANSYS software, take the output current (50A, 200A) during work, and use the finite element method to calculate the space points from different positions of the welding cable Magnetic induction. During the welding process, the change in output current has an effect on the magnetic field distribution generated by the welding cable. The magnetic induction strength is positively related to the magnitude of the current; the distance from the welding cable determines the magnitude of the magnetic field strength and the space field at the same output current. There is a negative correlation between magnetic induction and distance. The ANSYS finite element analysis method was used to obtain the magnetic field distribution characteristics of the space electromagnetic field generated by the welding cable during welding. It solved the problem of observing the three-dimensional distribution of the space field only by measuring the magnetic induction intensity of the finite points of the space field by means of measurement.
Keywords: ANSYS simulation; finite element method; welding environment; distribution of space magnetic field; magnetic flux density
引言
在有限元技術日趨完善的今天,隨著計算機技術的普及和計算機速度的不斷提高,有限元在工程設計和分析中得到了越來越廣泛的重視,已經成為解決復雜的工程分析問題的有效途徑。ANSYS作為大型通用有限元分析(Finite Element Analysis,FEA)軟件,以Maxwell方程組作為電磁場分析的出發點,是電磁計算的可靠工具[1-2]。
據統計,世界鋼產量的一半以上是用焊接工藝把它制成鋼制品的[3]。我國作為制造業大國,焊接技術在各行業均有大量需求。弧焊設備在工作時會產生較為復雜的電磁場,研究焊接時電磁場的分布問題,一直是焊接行業中的熱點話題[4]。……