李瑞鵬 陳迪新 郭秋平 倪慶純 周玖瑤



[摘要]目的 研究舒筋健腰丸對兔膝骨關節炎模型軟骨組織的影響。方法 適應性喂養1周后,隨機選取12只新西蘭兔作為假手術組。其余動物采用手術致軟骨缺損制備骨關節炎模型,造模4周后將造模動物隨機分為模型組,鹽酸氨基葡萄糖組(陽性對照),舒筋健腰丸低、中、高劑量組,每組12只,雌雄各半。分組后開始灌胃給藥,每天1次,連續給藥28 d。通過檢測膝關節活動范圍、局部壓痛閾值、全血黏度、關節腔沖洗液炎癥因子和軟骨組織病理,研究舒筋健腰丸對骨關節炎的治療作用及作用機制。結果 舒筋健腰丸中、高劑量組的膝關節活動范圍和局部壓痛閾值均高于模型組,全血黏度和關節腔內白介素1β(IL-1β)、腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α)和前列腺素E2(PGE2)水平均低于模型組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。鹽酸氨基葡萄糖組、舒筋健腰丸高劑量組的關節軟骨評分均低于模型組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 舒筋健腰丸對骨關節炎具有一定的治療作用,改善血液流變學,降低關節腔內炎癥因子而保護軟骨可能是其作用機制。
[關鍵詞]舒筋健腰丸;骨關節炎;細胞因子;組織病理;兔
[中圖分類號] R969.4? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-4721(2020)3(a)-0014-04
Effect of Shujin Jianyao Pills on articular cartilage of New Zealand rabbit knee osteoarthritis models
LI Rui-peng1,2,3? ?CHEN Di-xin1? ?GUO Qiu-ping1? ?NI Qing-chun1▲? ?ZHOU Jiu-yao2
1. Drug Nonclinical Evaluation and Research Center of Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangdong Province, Guangzhou? ?510240, China; 2. Postdoctoral Research Station of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou? ?510105, China; 3. Postdoctoral Research Station of Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Guangdong Province, Guangzhou? ?510130, China
[Abstract] Objective To study the effect of Shujin Jianyao Pills on articular cartilage of New Zealand rabbit knee osteoarthritis model. Methods After one week of adaptive feeding, 12 New Zealand rabbits were randomly selected as the sham operation group. The osteoarthritis models were prepared by articular cartilage defect caused by surgery in other animals. After 4 weeks of modeling, the animals were randomly divided into model group, glucosamine hydrochloride group (positive control), Shujin Jianyao Pills low, middle and high dose groups, 12 cases in each group, half male and half female. After grouping, the animals were intragastrically administrated with drugs once daily for 28 days. The therapeutic effect and mechanism of Shujin Jianyao Pills on osteoarthritis were studied by detecting the range of knee joint activity, local tenderness threshold, whole blood viscosity, inflammatory cytokines of articular cavity flushing fluid and articular cartilage histopathology. Results The knee joint range and local tenderness threshold of the waist in the Shujin Jianyao Pills middle and high dose groups were higher than those in the model group, the whole blood viscosity and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in articular cavity were lower than those in the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The articular cartilage scores of the glucosamine hydrochloride group and the Shujin Jianyao Pills high dose group were lower than those of the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Shujin Jianyao Pills have a certain therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis. Improving hemorheology, reducing inflammatory cytokines in articular cavity and protecting articular cartilage may be the mechanism of its action.
模型組關節腔沖洗液IL-1β、TNF-α和PGE2水平均高于假手術組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05);鹽酸氨基葡萄糖組及舒筋健腰丸低、中、高劑量組關節腔沖洗液IL-1β、TNF-α水平均低于模型組,鹽酸氨基葡萄糖組及舒筋健腰丸中、高劑量組關節腔沖洗液PGE2水平均低于模型組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)(表3)。
3討論
OA多發于老年人群,累及膝關節、髖關節等部位,造成關節軟骨退行性變。流行病學調查顯示,我國約有3%的人患有OA,并且隨著年齡增加,發病率也隨之增加[7]。OA發病機制尚不清楚,但其主要病理變化為關節軟骨的退行性變、反應性關節邊緣骨贅形成等[8-9]。目前臨床上OA缺乏有效的治療方法,使得患者病情日益嚴重,給社會造成沉重的經濟負擔[10-11]。
中醫認為,OA屬于痹癥,氣血不足,肝腎虧虛,風、寒、濕侵入骨髓,痹阻經絡導致筋骨失養而發病[12]。舒筋健腰丸主要由補益肝腎、強筋健骨的中藥組成,方中金毛狗脊強腰膝、補肝腎、祛風濕,為君藥;黑老虎行氣散瘀、通絡止痛,桑寄生補肝腎、祛風濕,雞血藤補血活血通絡,千斤拔祛風除濕,牛大力舒筋活絡,金櫻子固精滋腎,以上共為臣藥;女貞子、菟絲子補益肝腎,兩面針祛風通絡,勝濕止痛,延胡索、乳香、沒藥共同發揮活血祛瘀止痛功效,為佐使之藥。根據中醫理論,舒筋健腰丸可用于OA的治療。
研究表明,舒筋健腰丸對腰椎間盤突出和坐骨神經痛具有較好的療效[13-14]。本研究結果提示,舒筋健腰丸中、高劑量可明顯擴大模型動物膝關節的活動范圍,提高模型動物膝關節局部壓痛閾值,降低低切、中切與高切狀態下血液的黏度,從而改善OA關節僵硬和疼痛的癥狀。舒筋健腰丸高劑量還可減輕模型動物關節軟骨病理評分,促進纖維軟骨修復。
IL-1β和TNF-α是與關節軟骨破壞相關的炎癥因子。IL-1β可抑制軟骨細胞合成蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型膠原,導致軟骨細胞變性[15-16]。TNF-α既可協同增加IL-1β的作用,還可刺激軟骨細胞產生一氧化氮,誘導軟骨細胞凋亡[17-18]。本研究結果提示,舒筋健腰丸低、中、高劑量均可降低模型動物關節腔沖洗液中IL-1β、TNF-α水平。
PGE2主要參與誘發炎癥反應,促進局部血管擴張,使毛細血管通透性增強,引起疼痛癥狀[19]。本實驗結果提示,舒筋健腰丸中、高劑量可降低模型動物關節腔沖洗液PGE2水平,從而發揮抗炎鎮痛作用。
綜上所述,舒筋健腰丸對OA模型有一定的治療作用,改善血液流變學,降低關節腔內炎癥因子水平而保護關節軟骨可能是其作用機制。
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(收稿日期:2019-07-12? 本文編輯:任秀蘭)