文化宮，布拉日，羅馬尼亞

建筑設計：弗拉德·塞巴斯蒂安·魯蘇建筑工作室

1 外景/Exterior view

歷史概況

布加勒斯特建筑師維克托·斯米杰爾斯奇于1930 年設計了這座文化宮，最初是為了舉辦羅馬尼亞人民特蘭西瓦尼亞文學和文化協會（ASTRA）的活動。

1960 年代早期， 為了容納城市影院的新功能，第一次改造的是該建筑的主廳。同一時期，為容納布拉日歷史及民族博物館、城市圖書館及布拉日有線廣播中心的需求，建筑二層進行了一些微小的功能調整。

1995 年冬天，一場大火燒毀了大部分建筑，屋頂和主廳內部空間的損毀尤為嚴重。2012 年，市政當局啟動了修繕文化宮的工程，在此之前，這里仍然是一片廢墟。對該建筑的改造包括一個座位可移動的多功能廳，這個多功能廳使用了人工照明和自然照明，可以舉辦各種文化活動，如音樂會、晚會、戲劇表演、會議、展覽等。該建筑也將作為羅馬尼亞科學院阿爾巴分院的總部。

研究

盡管布拉日文化宮地處國家歷史遺跡保護區，但它并未列入羅馬尼亞歷史遺跡名錄中。建筑師在國家檔案館找到了維克托·斯米杰爾斯奇的初版建筑設計的剖面圖，以及該建筑落成后不久的兩張照片。遺憾的是，沒有發現有關主廳室內設計的原始資料。2013 年的技術評估發現，墻壁、地板、梁、樓梯及屋頂框架等結構部件，均出現了顯而易見的老化。建筑對行人構成了威脅，需要立即采取干預措施。

2.3 改造前/Before renovation

Short history

The Cultural Palace was designed in the year of 1930 by the Bucharest architect Victor Smigelschi,and its primary purpose was to host ASTRA (the Transylvania Association for Literature and Culture of the Romanian People) Cultural Association's events.

The first changes were made the main hall of the original design in the early 1960s in order for it to accommodate a new function as the city's cinema.Also from the same period the first floor of the building underwent some minor functional changes to accommodate the History and Ethnography Museum of Blaj and the Town's Library and Blaj's Wire Broadcasting Centre.

In the winter of 1995, a violent fire burnt down most of the building, severely damaging the roof and the interior space of the main hall. It remained a ruin till 2012, when the municipality initiated a project for the rehabilitation and refunctionalisation of the Palace. The building was designated to incorporate a flexible multipurpose hall, which could be lit both artificially and by daylight, and which could host a wide variety of cultural events such as concerts,galas, theatre plays, conferences, exhibitions, etc. The building would also serve as the headquarters for the Alba branch of the Romanian Academy.

Research

The Cultural Palace of Blaj was not included on the list of the Romania's Historical Monuments,even though it is located in the Historical Monuments National Preserved Area. Sections of the initial architectural project attributed to Victor Smigelschi were found in the National Archive, as well as two pictures in which the building can be seen shortly after its inauguration. Regrettably, no records were found relating to the original interior design of the main hall. Following the technical evaluation achieved in 2013, severe deterioration of all structural elements, walls, floors, beams, stairs and roof frameworks was apparent. This called for immediate intervention measures, because the building represented a danger to pedestrians.

4 內景/Interior view

設計理念

基于對歷史脈絡的研究和專業技術知識的判斷，建筑師認為，這個損毀建筑的空間和功能應遵循1930 年代的初始理念進行設計。……