方興未艾的三元層狀材料及其二維衍生物

黃慶, 王京陽

方興未艾的三元層狀材料及其二維衍生物

黃慶1, 王京陽2

(1. 中國科學院 寧波材料技術與工程研究所, 先進能源材料工程實驗室(籌), 寧波 315201; 2. 中國科學院 金屬研究所, 沈陽材料科學國家研究中心, 沈陽 110016)

MAX相材料是由三種元素組成的天然層狀碳氮化物無機非金屬類材料, 其具有金屬的導電和導熱性質, 也具備結構陶瓷的高強度、耐高溫、耐腐蝕等苛刻環境服役能力。MAX相材料在高溫潤滑、耐氧化涂層、事故容錯核材料、自修復復合材料和能源材料等領域獲得了廣泛的關注, 國內外材料學家都在積極開展大量的探索研究。MXene材料是通過“自上而下”的合成手段將MAX相材料中A位元素腐蝕抽離而形成的, 從MXene的命名可以看出其兼具MAX相的晶體結構單元和石墨烯(Graphene)的二維原子層的形貌特征。MXene材料的合成引起了納米領域的極大興趣, 尤其是在儲能研究方面不斷地涌現出高水平的工作。我國在MAX相結構材料和MXene能源材料領域均取得了顯著的成績, 隨著合成技術的發展和多學科交叉的深入探索, 目前已經有越來越多的國內材料研究小組投身此類新穎材料的研究。

中國科學院寧波材料技術與工程研究所每年四月一日的“新穎材料制備與應用研討會”在2019年將“層狀材料的結構化學與功能探索”作為主題, 重點討論了在無機材料領域備受廣泛關注的三元層狀碳/氮化物材料(MAX相)和其衍生的二元層狀過渡金屬碳/氮化物納米材料(MXene), 以及其它無機納米層狀材料等。希望通過不同學科間的專業交流, 促進對于無機層狀材料結構/化學的深入理解, 拓展對該類材料在先進能源、摩擦、儲能、環境、催化、傳感、生物、隱身等應用領域的研究。會議吸引了國內外七十余位專家學者, 包括MXene的首次報道者Michael Naguib博士等, 就MAX相和MXene材料領域的學術前沿和未來發展展開了熱烈的討論, 取得了很好的學術交流效果。

為了更好地總結這次會議的交流結果, 《無機材料學報》特別以“層狀材料的結構化學與功能探索”為主題出版了本期專輯。專輯邀請中國科學院金屬研究所王京陽研究員和中國科學院寧波材料技術與工程研究所黃慶研究員作為客座編輯, 并集中了我國在該領域較活躍的優秀學術帶頭人撰寫論文。本專輯體現了MAX相和MXene材料在結構陶瓷、功能材料、納米驅動、儲能應用、新材料合成和理論模擬等多學科的最新成果, 集中討論目前國內外廣泛關注的科學問題。通過本期專輯的組織和出版, 我國的MAX相和MXene材料領域必將迎來新的歷史發展階段。

Layered Ternary Materials and Their Derivatives is Still Unfolding

HUANG Qing1, WANG Jing-Yang2

(1. Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China; Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)

MAX phases are a family of natural occured layered carbides and nitrides which are composed of three different kinds of elements. As one kind of inorganic nonmetallic materials, MAX phases combine the properties of metals,good electrical and thermal conductivity, and ceramics,high strength, high-temperature stability, and corrosion resistance that are required for harsh environment service. At present, MAX phases have gained extensive attentions and been widely investigated for various of applications, including high-temperature lubrications, oxidation- resistant coating, accident tolerant fuels, self-healing composites, energy storage materials. MXene, ‘top-down’ synthesized through selective etching of the A-site elements from MAX phase, combines the MAX phase-like topology structure and graphene-like morphology. Up till now, MXene has received great interest in the fields of both nano-science and technology. Especially, in the energy storage field, profound researches on MXene are rapid accumulating. In China, great achievement has been done in the study of MAX-phase structural materials and MXene energy storage materials. With development of synthesis technology and deepening of interdisciplinary studies, an increasing number of research groups are joining in this hot field.

Every year on April 1st, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology& Engineering (Chinese Academy of Sciences) conducts a seminar on Synthesis and Applications of Novel Materials. In 2019, the Structural Chemistry and Functional Exploration of Layered Materials was selected as the theme of the seminar, focusing on MAX phases and their two-dimensional derivatives MXenes, and other kinds of nanolaminates. The aim of this seminar was to deepen the understanding of these layered materials and expand their applications for advanced energy, friction & wear, energy storage, environmental materials, catalysis, sensors, biology, stealth coating, through interdisciplinary communicating, and attracted more than 70 scholars to attend, including the inventor of MXenes, Dr. Michael Naguib. The research frontiers and future developments of MAX phases and MXenes were well discussed.

In order to integrate the ideas produced from attendees,publishes a special issue on "Structural Chemistry and Functional Exploration of Layered Materials" to represent collections of papers presented at this seminar. Prof. WANG Jing-Yang (Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy Sciences) and Prof. HUANG Qing (Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences) are invited as guest editors, and distinctive academic leaders active in this field are called for contributing papers. This special issue embodies the latest research achievements of MAX phases/MXenes in the fields of structural ceramics, functional materials, nano-driving, energy storage, material synthesis and theoretical simulation, which are the widely concerned scientific issues around the world. We believe that with the organization and publication of this special issue, a new historical stage of MAX phase and MXenes development is coming in China.

黃慶, 研究員, 博士生導師。現任中國科學院寧波材料技術與工程研究所先進能源材料工程實驗室主任, 《無機材料學報》副主編。中國科學院百人計劃, 中國核學會核材料分會常務理事、輻照效應分會理事, 中核集團核燃料與材料研發中心第一屆專家委員會委員, 《Scripta Materialia》客座編輯。現主要從事核能材料的開發與應用, 包括三元層狀陶瓷的制備與核電環境下物性與結構的表征, 事故容錯型核燃料包殼材料用新型復合材料的設計與評估, 陶瓷基復合材料的制備, 二維無機材料及能源材料研究等。發表學術論文200余篇, 獲引4200余次, h指數34。申請專利86項 (含78項發明專利), 其中28項已獲授權, 著作1部(章)。

E-mail: huangqing@nimte.ac.cn

王京陽, 研究員, 博士生導師。現任中國科學院金屬研究所沈陽材料科學國家研究中心陶瓷及復合材料研究部主任, 《無機材料學報》副主編。世界陶瓷科學院院士、美國陶瓷學會會士; 國家“萬人計劃”科技創新領軍人才、科技部“中青年科技創新領軍人才”、中國科學院特聘研究員和沈陽市杰出人才等; 擔任世界陶瓷科學院論壇主席、美國陶瓷學會董事/工程陶瓷部主席、歐洲陶瓷學會國際顧問委員、中國物理學會內耗和力學譜分會副主任、中國硅酸鹽學會特種陶瓷分會理事等學術組織職務; 獲得Acta Materialia銀質獎章、美國陶瓷學會的全球大使獎/全球之星獎等、美國金屬學會ASM-IIM Visiting Lectureship 獎、國家科技進步二等獎、工信部科技進步一等獎、遼寧省自然科學一等獎等。主要從事極端環境用陶瓷及復合材料的創新設計與模擬、多尺度可控制備和近服役性能評價等工作。

E-mail: jywang@imr.ac.cn

1000-324X(2020)01-0000-02

10.15541/jim20190800