馬猛 王克華 曲亮 竇套存 沈曼曼



摘要:為探索雞產蛋初期體重的內在遺傳變化規律,確定控制產蛋初期體重的主基因對數,本研究以東鄉綠殼蛋雞(P1)和單冠白萊航雞(P2)為親本構建F2資源群體,測定親本(P1、P2)、子一代(F1)和子二代(F2)產蛋初期18周齡體重,運用數量性狀主基因+多基因混合遺傳模型軟件SEA-G4F2對雞18周齡體重進行遺傳分析。結果表明,最適合雞18周齡體重的主多基因混合遺傳模型為兩對加性-顯性-上位性主基因+加性-顯性多基因混合遺傳模型,即為24個模型中的E-1模型;主基因遺傳力為0.25,多基因遺傳力為0。綜上,主基因對雞18周齡體重調控作用遠大于多基因。
關鍵詞:蛋雞;資源群體;體重;主基因;多基因;遺傳
中圖分類號:S831.2 文獻標識號:A 文章編號:1001-4942(2019)11-0139-04
Analysis of Major Gene and Polygene Mixed
Genetic Model in 18-Week Old Chickens
Ma Meng, Wang Kehua, Qu Liang, Dou Taocun, Shen Manman
(Institute of Poultry Science of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225003, China)
Abstract In order to explore the inherent genetic variation law of body weight at the early laying period and determine the logarithm of major genes, in this study, Dongxiang green-eggshell layer (P1) and single cockscomb white Leghorn (P2) acted as parents to constructed resource population. The body weight of early laying period at 18-week old of P1, P2, F1 and F2 were measured, and the software of SEA-G4F2 of major gene and polygene mixed genetic model was used to analyse the 18-week old body weight. The results showed that the best model of the chicken body weight at 18-week old was E-1, which named two pairs of additive-dominance-epistatic major-gene plus additive-dominance polygene mixed genetic model. The heritability of major-gene was 0.25, and the polygene heritability was 0. To summarize, major gene had a bigger effect than polygene in 18-week old body weight.
Keywords Layer; Resource population; Body weight; Major gene; Polygene; Genetic
研究表明,體重對蛋雞生產性能有很大影響,與蛋雞種蛋孵化率和產蛋率均有密切關聯,因此,對雞體重內在遺傳規律進行研究,在雞的選育中顯得尤為重要。體重過輕過重均不利于蛋雞的生產,體重過輕會導致種蛋過輕,從而降低種蛋的孵化率;體重過大,體內脂肪多,則會導致母雞產蛋困難,增加飼料成本[1]。喬紅光[2]的研究表明,矮小雞體重過輕導致產蛋數低于正常體重雞3~5個,黃炎坤等[3]對“惠州麻”雞的研究表明,體重適中的種雞能夠提供的可用種蛋數最多。一方面蛋雞體重與產蛋性能密切相關;另一方面,相較于其他生產性能指標,體重更容易測量獲得,因此,體重在蛋雞的選育過程中受到的關注越來越多[4, 5],對蛋雞體重遺傳規律的研究也越來越多[6-8]。……