構(gòu)建應(yīng)用型本科高校大數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)踐教學(xué)體系

張志萍

摘? 要： 針對(duì)目前大數(shù)據(jù)人才培養(yǎng)面臨的教育教學(xué)生態(tài)尚不完善的問題，為了提高大數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)達(dá)成度，本文較系統(tǒng)地探討了應(yīng)用型本科高校大數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)踐教學(xué)體系的構(gòu)建。從設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐教學(xué)體系、創(chuàng)設(shè)校內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)訓(xùn)環(huán)境、校企合作共建校外實(shí)踐教學(xué)基地、“雙師型”師資隊(duì)伍建設(shè)等幾個(gè)方面建立健全大數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)踐教學(xué)體系，提升大數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)踐教學(xué)質(zhì)量。

關(guān)鍵詞： 大數(shù)據(jù);實(shí)踐教學(xué);校企合作;應(yīng)用型本科;教師隊(duì)伍

【Abstract】： Aiming at the imperfect educational and teaching ecology faced by the cultivation of big data talents， this paper systematically discusses the construction of practical teaching system of big data in Practical Tertiary Education in order to improve the attainment of the cultivation goal of big data applied talents. This paper establishes and improves the practical teaching system of big data from the aspects of designing the practical teaching system， creating the experimental and training environment in the school， building the practical teaching base outside the school in cooperation with enterprises， and building the double-qualified teaching staff， so as to improve the quality of practical teaching of big data.

【Key words】： Big data; Practical teaching; School-enterprise cooperation; Practical tertiary education; Teacher team

0? 引言

大數(shù)據(jù)在生物醫(yī)學(xué)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、金融業(yè)、醫(yī)療、機(jī)械制造業(yè)等諸多行業(yè)得到推廣和應(yīng)用，產(chǎn)生了巨大的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值和產(chǎn)業(yè)空間[1-5]，在國內(nèi)外大數(shù)據(jù)迎來了爆發(fā)期，受到政府部門和企業(yè)的高度重視。什么是大數(shù)據(jù)？《Science》雜志在大數(shù)據(jù)專刊中這樣定義：代表著人類認(rèn)知過程的進(jìn)步，數(shù)據(jù)集的規(guī)模是無法在可容忍的時(shí)間內(nèi)用目前的技術(shù)、方法和理論去獲取、管理、處理的數(shù)據(jù)[6]。可以看出，大數(shù)據(jù)不僅是指數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)模大，更重要的是如何從這些動(dòng)態(tài)或靜態(tài)的數(shù)據(jù)流或數(shù)據(jù)中獲得具有可利用和挖掘價(jià)值的信息。

隨著大數(shù)據(jù)理念和技術(shù)的深入發(fā)展，在未來的3-5年，大數(shù)據(jù)人才在中國的需求量將逾百萬，尤其是對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)密集型領(lǐng)域的大數(shù)據(jù)人才的需求更加迫切。為了滿足產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)大數(shù)據(jù)人才的需求，近幾年來高校掀起了建設(shè)大數(shù)據(jù)專業(yè)的熱潮。目前大數(shù)據(jù)人才培養(yǎng)面臨教育教學(xué)生態(tài)尚不完善，師資力量不足，教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)資源、系統(tǒng)性的教學(xué)體系和內(nèi)容缺乏等問題。……