預(yù)見性護理在糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者的應(yīng)用效果

劉萍 葉慎菊

[摘要]目的 探討預(yù)見性護理在糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者中的應(yīng)用效果及對血糖水平的影響。方法 選取2017年6月～2018年6月我院收治的糖尿病性白內(nèi)障手術(shù)患者94例（112眼），按照隨機數(shù)字表法分為對照組（47例，54眼）和觀察組（47例，58眼），對照組給予常規(guī)護理，觀察組給予預(yù)見性護理，觀察兩組術(shù)后視力的恢復(fù)情況及并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生情況，并比較兩組患者手術(shù)前后的血糖控制情況。結(jié)果 兩組患者術(shù)前1 d、術(shù)后1、7 d的空腹血糖及餐后2 h血糖水平均低于入院時，且觀察組低于對照組（P<0.05）;觀察組患者的視力恢復(fù)優(yōu)良率高于對照組（P<0.05）;觀察組患者術(shù)后并發(fā)癥總發(fā)生率低于對照組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 實施預(yù)見性護理，能夠有效控制糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者的血糖水平，恢復(fù)患者視力，并且減少術(shù)后并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生。

[關(guān)鍵詞]糖尿病性白內(nèi)障;預(yù)見性護理;血糖;視力恢復(fù)

[中圖分類號] R776.1? ? ? ? ? [文獻標(biāo)識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-4721（2019）8（c）-0217-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of predictive nursing in diabetic cataract patients and its influence on blood sugar level. Methods A total of 94 patients （112 eyes） with diabetic cataract who were treated in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 were selected， according to the method of random number table， they were divided into control group （47 cases， 54 eyes） and observation group （47 cases， 58 eyes）. The control group was given routine nursing， while the observation group was given predictive nursing. The visual acuity recovery and incidence of complications were observed in both groups， and blood sugar control was compared before and after operation. Results The levels of fasting blood sugar and 2 hours postprandial blood sugar in the two groups 1 day before operation， 1 and 7 days after operation were lower than those at admission， and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The excellent rate of visual acuity recovery in the observation group was higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. The total incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The implementation of predictive nursing can effectively control the blood sugar level of patients with diabetic cataract， restore the vision of patients， and reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications.

[Key words] Diabetic cataract; Predictive nursing; Blood sugar; Visual acuity recovery

糖尿病性白內(nèi)障是指患者長期處于高血糖狀態(tài)下，局部微循環(huán)改變導(dǎo)致晶體狀渾濁，進而引發(fā)白內(nèi)障，是致盲的主要原因之一，發(fā)病率較高。經(jīng)調(diào)查統(tǒng)計，我國糖尿病性白內(nèi)障的發(fā)病率為25%～26%[1]。目前臨床治療本病主要以白內(nèi)障摘除術(shù)及人工晶狀體植入術(shù)為主，但考慮到高血糖是誘發(fā)白內(nèi)障疾病發(fā)生的主要病因，患者圍術(shù)期糖代謝易發(fā)生紊亂，術(shù)后并發(fā)癥多，甚至可能會影響患者術(shù)后視力恢復(fù)，因此圍術(shù)期進行有效的血糖控制顯得至關(guān)重要。預(yù)見性護理是近年發(fā)展起來的一種新興護理模式，是指護士對患者的病情進行全面綜合分析與判斷，提前預(yù)知患者可能存在的護理風(fēng)險，并有預(yù)見性地采取有效的防范措施，以此降低護理風(fēng)險[2]。我院對47例糖尿病性白內(nèi)障患者實施預(yù)見性護理措施后，取得一定的效果，現(xiàn)報道如下。……