手術室護士專項職業防護培訓的應用效果

余莉敏 黃運娜

[摘要]目的 探討手術室護士開展專項職業防護培訓對職業風險防范知識掌握情況、職業損傷發生率及護理能力的影響。方法 選取2018年1～6月我院的30名手術室護理人員作為研究對象，開展專項職業防護培訓。比較培訓前后職業風險防范知識掌握情況、職業損傷發生率及護理能力。結果 培訓后，護理人員對事故性危害、環境危害、物理性危害、生物性危害及化學性危害的職業風險防范知識評分高于培訓前，差異均統計學意義（P<0.05）;培訓后，血生化檢測陽性污染損傷、針尖損傷、血液濺落眼睛損傷、安瓿損傷及刀剪損傷等職業損傷發生率低于培訓前，差異均統計學意義（P<0.05）;培訓后，規避糾紛能力、專業技術、感染防護、護理觀察、溝通能力、應急能力及健康教育等護理能力評分高于培訓前，差異均統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論 針對手術室護士，重視專項職業防護培訓工作的開展，可提高其對手術室職業風險防范知識的掌握情況，降低職業損傷發生率，進一步提高其護理能力，為臨床質量的提高提供有力保障，具有廣泛開展價值。

[關鍵詞]手術室;護理人員;職業防護培訓;風險知識;損傷事件;護理能力

[中圖分類號] R472.3? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-4721（2019）8（c）-0185-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of special occupational protection training for operating room nurses on occupational risk prevention knowledge， occupational injury incidence and nursing ability. Methods Thirty operating room nurses in our hospital from January to June 2018 were selected as the research objects to carry out special occupational protection training. The knowledge of occupational risk prevention， the incidence of occupational injury and nursing ability before and after training were compared. Results After training， nursing staff on occupational risk knowledge of accident hazards， environmental hazards， physical hazards， biological hazards and chemical hazards were higher than those before trainning， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. After training， the incidence rates of positive contamination injury， needle tip injury， blood splashing eye injury， ampoule injury and scissors injury were lower than those before training， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. After training， the scores of dispute avoidance ability， professional skills， infection prevention， nursing observation， communication ability， emergency response ability and health education were higher than those before training， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion For operating room nurses， attaching importance to the development of special occupational protection training can improve their knowledge of occupational risk prevention in operating room， reduce the incidence of occupational injury， further improve their nursing ability， provide strong guarantee for the improvement of clinical quality， and have extensive development value.

[Key words] Operating room; Nursing staff; Occupational protection training; Risk knowledge; Injury event; Nursing ability

手術室為醫院重點科室，是對患者生命予以搶救及開展手術的場所。同時手術室也是一個極具特殊性的環境，如工作節奏快、科技水平高、風險大等，相對封閉且獨立，周圍有較多危險因素潛伏，護理人員的安全及身心健康均面臨巨大挑戰[1-2]。重視增強手術室護理人員職業風險防范，完善專項職業防護培訓工作，對提高其風險知識掌握情況，降低護理損傷發生率，增強護理能力意義重大[3-4]。本研究以手術室護理人員為研究對象，行專項職業防護培訓，取得了理想效果，現報道如下。

1資料與方法

1.1一般資料

選取2018年1～6月我院的30名手術室護理人員作為研究對象，開展專項職業防護培訓。其中女29名，男1名;年齡21～48歲，平均（34.9±2.6）歲;從事護理工作2～19年，平均（7.4±2.3）年。職稱：副主任護師1名，主管護師2名，護師27名;學歷：本科12名，大專16名，中專2名。……