改良吸氧面罩在兒童哮喘急性發(fā)作中的應用與研究

習玲

[摘要]目的 探討改良吸氧面罩在兒童哮喘急性發(fā)作中的應用與研究。方法 選取2015年4月～2017年12月就診于萍鄉(xiāng)市婦幼保健院兒科六診的的80例哮喘患兒作為研究對象，采用隨機數(shù)字表法將其分為對照組和實驗組，每組各40例。對照組患兒采用霧化吸入布地奈德和特布他林進行治療，實驗組患兒在對照組的基礎上使用改良吸氧面罩給予吸氧。比較兩組的臨床療效、臨床癥狀消失時間、治療前后肺功能指標[包括最大通氣量（MVV）、第1秒用力呼氣容積（FEV1）以及FEV1/用力肺活量（FVC）的比值]、滿意度及不良反應發(fā)生情況。結果 實驗組患兒的治療總有效率和顯效率明顯高于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.01）;實驗組患兒氣喘、咳嗽、肺部哮鳴音等癥狀的消失時間明顯短于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.01）;實驗組患兒治療后的MVV、FEV1、FEV1/FVC高于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.01）;實驗組的滿意度明顯高于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.01）。兩組患兒均無過敏、胃腸道反應等明顯不良反應情況發(fā)生。結論 在兒童哮喘急性發(fā)作期使用改良吸氧面罩吸氧聯(lián)合霧化給藥可顯著改善兒童支氣管哮喘的臨床癥狀，效果良好。改良面罩就地取材，制作方便，可分別用于吸氧和霧化給藥，臨床上值得大力推廣應用。

[關鍵詞]改良吸氧面罩;兒童哮喘;肺功能;滿意度

[中圖分類號] R197.38? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1674-4721（2019）8（c）-0146-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the application and research of modified oxygen mask in children with acute asthma attack. Methods A total of 80 children with asthma admitted to the Pediatric Clinic of Pingxiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April 2015 to December 2017 were selected as subjects. They were divided into the control group and the experimental group by random number table method， 40 cases in each group. Children in the control group were treated with atomized inhalation of Budesonide and Terbutaline. Beside the same treatment as the control group， children in the experimental group were additionally given oxygen with modified oxygen mask. The clinical efficacy， disappearance time of clinical symptoms， indicators of pulmonary function before and after treatment （include the maximum volume of air [MVV]， forced expiratory volume [FEV1] at the first second， and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity [FVC]）， the satisfaction degree and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate and marked effective rate in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group， with statistically significant differences （P<0.01）. The disappearance symptom time of asthma， cough and wheezing sound in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that in the control group， the differences was statistically significant （P<0.01）. The MVV， FEV1， FEV1/FVC of the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.01）. The satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.01）. No obvious adverse reactions such as allergy， gastrointestinal reactions occurred in the two groups. Conclusion The use of modified oxygen inhalation mask combined with inhalation therapy is effective in improving clinical symptoms of bronchial asthma in children， as well as improving patient satisfaction. The mask is easy to obtain locally and made conveniently. It could be used for oxygen inhalation and atomization respectively， and may be widely recommended in clinical practice.