不同形態(tài)紫蘇子的質(zhì)量分析

路公靜 孫俊英

[摘要]目的 對(duì)不同形態(tài)紫蘇子飲片進(jìn)行質(zhì)量分析。方法 利用實(shí)體顯微鏡觀察紫蘇子性狀，包括表面顏色、粒徑大小、表面主要特征;依據(jù)《中國藥典》2015年版一部，用高效液相色譜法測(cè)定紫蘇子飲片中迷迭香酸的含量。結(jié)果 性狀鑒別發(fā)現(xiàn)，同一炮制規(guī)格的紫蘇子在顏色、大小、表面網(wǎng)紋顏色、油潤度四個(gè)方面存在差異，依據(jù)差異分為4種形態(tài)：大粒紫蘇子、小粒紫蘇子、灰色紫蘇子及白蘇子。含量測(cè)定發(fā)現(xiàn)，小粒紫蘇子中迷迭香酸的百分含量最高，為（0.43±0.03）%，大粒紫蘇子次之，含量為（0.25±0.06）%;灰色紫蘇子普遍偏低，含量為（0.24±0.04）%，白蘇子最低，含量為（0.22±0.06）%。結(jié)論 通過市場抽樣及樣品檢驗(yàn)，考察范圍涉及了整個(gè)山東省，推動(dòng)了紫蘇子飲片質(zhì)量的進(jìn)一步研究，同時(shí)為臨床用藥提供指導(dǎo)。

[關(guān)鍵詞]紫蘇子;不同形態(tài);性狀鑒別;含量測(cè)定;質(zhì)量分析

[中圖分類號(hào)] R283.1? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1674-4721（2019）8（c）-0037-04

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the quality of different types with prepared slices of Perilla Fructus. Methods The properties of Perilla Fructus were observed by solid microscope， included surface color， particle size and main surface characteristics. According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia （edition 2015）， high performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the content of rosemary acid in prepared pieces of Perilla Fructus. Results It was found that there were differences in color， size， surface texture color and oil moistening degree of Perilla Fructus in the same processing specification by the characteristic identification. According to the differences， it was divided into four types： Large Perilla Fructus， Small Perilla Fructus， Gray Perilla Fructus and Perilla Frutescens. The highest percentage of rosemary acid was found in Small Perilla Fructus （[0.43±0.03]%）; the content of Large Perilla Fructus were （0.25±0.06）%， followed by the Small Perilla Fructus; the content of Grey Perilla Fructus were generally low， with （0.24±0.04）%; the content of rosemarinic acid of Perilla Frutescens were the lowest， with （0.22±0.06）%. Conclusion Through market sampling and sample testing， the scope of investigation covers the whole Shandong province， which promotes further research on the quality of Perilla Fructus and provides guidance for clinical medication.

[Key words] Perilla Fructus; Different types; Characteristic identification; Content determination; Quality analysis

紫蘇子為唇形科植物紫蘇Perilla Frutescens（L.）Britt.的干燥成熟果實(shí)，始載于《名醫(yī)別錄》，被列為中品。具有降氣化痰，止咳平喘，潤腸通便的功效，用于治療痰雍氣逆、咳嗽氣喘、腸燥便秘[1]，常用于中成藥制劑如蘇子降氣丸、橘紅丸、橘紅化痰丸等[2-4]。經(jīng)市場調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，近年來市售紫蘇子飲片類型繁多，質(zhì)量參差不齊，造成紫蘇子市場混亂，也造成了紫蘇葉、紫蘇梗的混亂，直接影響了臨床療效[5]。為進(jìn)一步做好我省藥品質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)測(cè)工作，本中心對(duì)山東省市售紫蘇子進(jìn)行了抽查檢驗(yàn)，共抽取51批次，分別從性狀、含量測(cè)定兩方面進(jìn)行了質(zhì)量分析，評(píng)價(jià)其整體質(zhì)量，現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下?！?br>