毛寶雨 張宏帥




摘 要:將傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床進(jìn)行數(shù)字化改造,如果方案得當(dāng),可以達(dá)到改造成本低、見(jiàn)效快、加工效率高的目的。本文結(jié)合普通車(chē)床的基本運(yùn)動(dòng),提出了一種數(shù)字化改造方案,將普通銑床改造為具有簡(jiǎn)單數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的數(shù)控車(chē)床。這種數(shù)控車(chē)床具備較為精確的兩軸聯(lián)動(dòng)功能,刀具的運(yùn)動(dòng)路徑和速度由操作人員通過(guò)遙控(線控)的專(zhuān)用控制鍵盤(pán)進(jìn)行設(shè)置,該專(zhuān)用鍵盤(pán)上面有液晶顯示屏,能夠提示操作人員輸入相應(yīng)要素的具體數(shù)值。在機(jī)床加工時(shí),工人可在機(jī)床附近觀察而不必直接靠近操作,提高了生產(chǎn)加工的安全性。
關(guān)鍵詞:車(chē)床;數(shù)控;數(shù)字化改造
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TH122;TH123 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1003-5168(2019)35-0055-04
A Scheme Design of NC Transformation System for Ordinary Lathe
MAO Baoyu1 ZHANG Hongshuai2
(1.Zhengzhou Zijingshan Park,Zhengzhou Henan 450001;2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou Henan 450001)
Abstract: Digital transformation of traditional machine tools, if the plan is correct, can achieve the purpose of low transformation costs, quick results and high processing efficiency. Based on the basic movements of ordinary lathes, this paper proposed a digital transformation scheme to transform ordinary milling machines into CNC lathes with simple numerical control systems. This CNC lathe has a more accurate two-axis linkage function, the tool's movement path and speed are set by the operator through a special control keyboard for remote control (line control). The special keyboard has a liquid crystal display on it, which can prompt the operator to enter the specific values of the corresponding elements. During machine tool processing, workers can observe near the machine tool instead of directly approaching the operation, which improves the safety of production and processing.
Keywords: lathe;numerical control;digital transformation
目前,我國(guó)制造行業(yè)和企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)、加工裝備大多數(shù)是傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床,而且多數(shù)是役齡在10年以上的舊機(jī)床。用這種裝備加工出來(lái)的產(chǎn)品普遍存在質(zhì)量差、品種少、檔次低、成本高和供貨期長(zhǎng)等問(wèn)題[1]。
傳統(tǒng)車(chē)床需要工人手工控制進(jìn)給量、切削速度等加工要素,無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)兩軸聯(lián)動(dòng)操作,所以在加工錐面或剖面輪廓為曲線的成型面時(shí)更加困難,質(zhì)量無(wú)法保證,甚至無(wú)法加工。在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,工人需要同時(shí)控制刀具在兩個(gè)軸的運(yùn)動(dòng),工作強(qiáng)度大。在切削時(shí),工人始終在機(jī)床邊進(jìn)行操作,容易造成各類(lèi)人身安全事故。
將傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床進(jìn)行數(shù)字化改造,如果方案得當(dāng),可以達(dá)到改造成本低、見(jiàn)效快、加工效率高的目的。使用數(shù)字方式對(duì)機(jī)床刀具在兩個(gè)軸的運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行控制,在加工多種成型面時(shí),能夠使機(jī)床刀路更加準(zhǔn)確。……