劉曉英 周鵬 黃浩杰


摘要 利用三河市11個區域自動氣象站13年(2005—2017年)的暴雨資料,應用趨勢分析法,分析了三河市各鄉鎮暴雨日數和暴雨量的月變化和年變化特征。結果表明:(1)三河市各鄉鎮年暴雨日數和暴雨量呈微小上升趨勢,但變化不太明顯;(2)三河西北部和中南部年暴雨出現日數和雨量最大,但各鄉鎮每月暴雨出現日數和暴雨量并不對應,尤其是7月,東部的黃土莊鎮和南部的新集鎮出現暴雨日數最少,但暴雨量卻最大;(3)大面積的暴雨在各鄉鎮致災程度相當,但西部的燕郊由于其特殊地形,受災最為嚴重。
關鍵詞 暴雨;落區分布;受災分析
中圖分類號:P458 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:2095-3305(2019)04-082-03
DOI: 10.19383/j.cnki.nyzhyj.2019.04.033
Abstract Based on the rainstorm data of 13a(2005-2017) from 11 regional automatic weather stations in Sanhe county, by means of the trend analysis method, the monthly and annual variations of rainstorm day and amount in various villages and towns were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) Annual rainstorm day and amount of different villages and towns in Sanhe show a slight upward trend,but the trend was not obvious.(2)The annual maximum rainstorm day and amount were localized in the northwestern and south-central towns of Sanhe. However, the monthly rainstorm day and amount were inconsist in different town. Especially in July, the rainstorm day was minimum, but the rainstorm amount maximum in Huangtuzhuang and Xinji.(3) The rainstorm caused similar degree of disasters in different villages and towns except Yanjiao,which in the west of Sanhe suffered the most because of the special topography.
Key words ? Rainstorm;Falling area;Disaster analysis
三河市位于河北省廊坊市北部,地處燕山山前平原地區,地勢北高南低,低山丘陵、平原、洼地并存,域內主要有潮白河、鮑邱河、泃河貫穿全境,暴雨及其衍生災害在氣象災害中影響最為嚴重。為了能夠及時監控全市降雨量,三河市氣象局從2004年開始在全市范圍內建立了11個區域自動氣象站(簡稱“區域站”),分布在氣象局和下轄10個鄉鎮。文中利用三河市11個區域站13年(2005—2017)積累的降雨資料,對該市各鄉鎮發生的暴雨量及暴雨日數進行統計分析,從其分布規律和規律性變化入手,找出當地暴雨落區規律性以及差異性,以期為三河市氣象防災減災提供決策依據,也為開展三河市暴雨引起的氣象災害及衍生災害評估提供科學依據。
1 材料與方法
文中所用資料為三河市11個區域站2005—2017年的逐日降水觀測資料,來源于河北省氣象信息中心。……