吳麗芬

【摘要】 目的:觀察分析下肢骨折手術圍手術期深靜脈血栓形成的預防與護理方法。方法:將在筆者所在醫院關節外科2016年6月-2018年12月收治的股骨頸骨折患者60例作為研究對象,隨機分成對照組(30例)與護理組(30例),其中對照組采取常規圍手術期護理干預,護理組采取綜合性護理干預。對照兩組患者護理前后下肢血流速度,下肢腫脹、深靜脈血栓、肺栓塞發生率,并根據結果總結圍手術期深靜脈血栓形成的預防與護理方法。結果:護理組與對照組患者護理后下肢腫脹率(6.67% vs 43.33%)、深靜脈血栓形成率(0 vs 23.33%)、肺栓塞率(0 vs 13.33%)比較,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。護理干預前,兩組患者下肢血流速度差異無統計學意義(P>0.05)。經護理干預后,護理組患者下肢血流速度明顯高于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.001)。結論:在骨科下肢骨折圍手術期患者的護理中,術前正確評估患者危險系數,進行針對性的干預,術中注意保護患肢盡量配合醫生縮短手術時間,術后密切觀察,采取物理、康復等方法進行干預,可減少深靜脈血栓的發生。
【關鍵詞】 下肢骨折; 圍手術期; 深靜脈血栓; 預防與護理
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.18.047 文獻標識碼 B 文章編號 1674-6805(2019)18-0-02
【Abstract】 Objective:To observe the prevention and nursing methods of deep venous thrombosis during the perioperative period of lower limb fracture surgery in orthopaedics department.Method:A total of 60 patients with femoral neck fracture were treated in our hospital during the period from June 2016 to December 2018.They were randomly divided into control group(30 cases) and nursing group(30 cases).The control group received routine perioperative nursing intervention,while the nursing group received comprehensive nursing intervention.The blood flow velocity of lower limbs,the incidence of lower limb swelling,deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism were compared between the two groups before and after nursing.The prevention and nursing methods of deep venous thrombosis during perioperative period were summarized according to the results.Result:The lower limb swelling rate(6.67% vs 43.33%),deep venous thrombosis rate(0 vs 23.33%) and pulmonary embolism rate(0 vs 13.33%) were significantly different between the nursing group and the control group (P<0.05).Before nursing intervention,there was no significant difference in lower limb blood flow velocity between the two groups(P>0.05).After nursing intervention,the blood flow velocity of lower limbs in nursing group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.001).Conclusion:In the perioperative nursing of patients with lower limb fracture,the risk factors of patients should be correctly evaluated before operation and targeted interventions should be carried out.During operation,attention should be paid to protecting the affected limbs as much as possible to cooperate with doctors to shorten the operation time.After operation,close observation should be made,physical and rehabilitation methods should be adopted,so as to reduce the occurrence of venous thrombosis.
【Key words】 Orthopaedic lower limb fracture; Perioperative period; Deep vein thrombosis; Prevention and nursing
綜上所述,在骨科下肢骨折圍手術期患者的護理中,術前正確評估患者危險系數,進行針對性的干預,術中注意保護患肢盡量配合醫生縮短手術時間,術后密切觀察,采取物理、康復等方法進行干預,發揮深靜脈血栓形成的綜合性預防護理干預,減少深靜脈血栓的發生。
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(收稿日期:2019-02-13) (本文編輯:張亮亮)